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Strengthening China's
 Environmental Protection Administrative System : Analysis
 and RecommendationsThe Chinese economy has experienced an
 unprecedented 30-year period of economic growth and
 development that has delivered enormous social and economic
 benefits to the people but has had seriously adverse and
 continuing effects on the state of the environment. The
 government is well aware of the problem. Over the last five
 to ten years, environmental objectives have become
 increasingly important in priorities set under successive
 national five-year plans. To address these problems, the
 government has provided increasingly large infusions of
 capital and implemented a series of administrative reforms.
 Notwithstanding all these actions, the state of the national
 environment continues to deteriorate, and further action is
 clearly needed. This policy note focuses particularly on
 continuing issues related to the operations of the Ministry
 for Environmental Protection (MEP), including the legal
 framework under which it operates and its operational
 relationships with other agencies at the national level and
 with its counterparts at lower levels of government. This
 focus is justified given that MEP's effectiveness is
 critical to the effectiveness of the government's
 overall environmental objectives. Without an effective MEP,
 the other elements necessary for China's
 environmentally sustainable development will not be able to
 achieve these national goals.
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Strengthening China's Environmental Protection Administrative System : Analysis and RecommendationsThe Chinese economy has experienced an unprecedented 30-year period of economic growth and development that has delivered enormous social and economic benefits to the people but has had seriously adverse and continuing effects on the state of the environment. The government is well aware of the problem. Over the last five to ten years, environmental objectives have become increasingly important in priorities set under successive national five-year plans. To address these problems, the government has provided increasingly large infusions of capital and implemented a series of administrative reforms. Notwithstanding all these actions, the state of the national environment continues to deteriorate, and further action is clearly needed. This policy note focuses particularly on continuing issues related to the operations of the Ministry for Environmental Protection (MEP), including the legal framework under which it operates and its operational relationships with other agencies at the national level and with its counterparts at lower levels of government. This focus is justified given that MEP's effectiveness is critical to the effectiveness of the government's overall environmental objectives. Without an effective MEP, the other elements necessary for China's environmentally sustainable development will not be able to achieve these national goals.
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The Legal and Regulatory Framework for Environmental Impact Assessments : A Study of Selected Countries in Sub-Saharan AfricaEnvironmental impact assessment, or EIA as it is known, is a procedures for evaluating the impact, proposed activities may have on the environment. In recent years, significant strides have been made to build a legal foundation for EIAs in Sub-Saharan Africa. Whereas EIAs typically used to be carried out only to meet requirements of foreign donors, they are now mandated in twenty two Sub-Saharan countries, as an important element of domestic environmental law, and policy. This publication traces the development of EIA, both in terms of national policies, and international law, and, analyzes EIA-related laws and regulations in those countries. The substantive components of EIA requirements, as well as the similarities, and differences of the various national statutes, are noted and commented upon. Special attention is paid to the role, and degree of public participation, for the further development of law, and policy with respect to environmental impact assessments in Sub-Saharan Africa.