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‪Lycées et Université impériale‪

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Author(s)
Brambilla, Elena
Keywords
Ecole
éducation
histoire
élites

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/1045715
Online Access
http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=RIVES_032_0006
Abstract
L’article s’efforce de comparer les grandes innovations introduites par la Révolution française dans l’instruction supérieure, avec leur imitation et adaptation dans la République et le Royaume d’Italie (1802-1814). Les lois italiennes (1802, 1808, 1811) cherchèrent de transférer dans la péninsule le modèle français, particulièrement celui des Lycées. Mais en France les lois de 1790-1792 avaient supprimé les écoles et les collèges tenus par les ordres religieux enseignants, tandis qu’en Italie les collèges religieux firent une dure concurrence aux Lycées jusqu’aux lois de suppression de 1811-1813. Quant à l’Université impériale, elle devait être une corporation nationale enseignante entièrement laïque, alors qu’en Italie le clergé fut à peine limité et contrôlé dans un grand nombre de collèges religieux et de séminaires, qui fonctionnaient aussi comme gymnases et lycées publiques, mais sous la juridiction de l’Église et non de l’État.
The article tries persistently to compare major innovations introduced by the French Revolution in High Education with their imitation and adaptation in the Republic and Kingdom of Italy (1802-1814). The Italian laws (1802, 1808, 1811) tried to transfer the French model within the peninsula, and the secondary school in particular. But in France, the laws of 1790-1792 had abolished schools and colleges managed by religious teachers while religious colleges in Italy competed harshly with secondary schools until the abolition laws of 1811-1813. Concerning the Imperial University, it was considered as a fully secular national corporation while the Italian clergy was hardly limited and controlled in many religious colleges and seminaries. They were also operating as gymnasiums and public schools but under the jurisdiction of Church, government excluded.
Il saggio vuol mettere a confronto le grandi innovazioni introdotte dalla Rivoluzione francese nel sistema scolastico, con la loro imitazione e adattamento durante la Repubblica e il Regno Italico (1802-1814). Le leggi italiane (1802, 1808, 1811) cercarono di trasferire nella penisola il modello francese, in particolare quello dei Licei. Ma in Francia le leggi del 1790-1792 avevano soppresso le scuole e i collegi tenuti dagli ordini regolari insegnanti, mentre in Italia i collegi religiosi fecero aspra concorrenza ai Licei sino alle leggi di soppressione del 1811-1813. Quanto all’Università imperiale, essa doveva essere un corpo nazionale di docenti interamente laico, mentre in Italia il clero fu appena limitato e controllato in un gran numero di collegi e di seminari, che funzionavano anche come ginnasi e licei pubblici, ma sotto autorità della Chiesa e no dello Stato.
Date
2009
Identifier
oai:cairn.info:RIVES_032_0006
http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=RIVES_032_0006
Copyright/License
Cairn
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