译者即是文化协调者—浅谈小熊维尼普系列故事的翻译

Abstract

摘 要 英国作家亚历山大·艾伦·米尔恩创作的小熊维尼普系列故事—《小熊维尼普》及《小熊维尼普和灰驴的家》，在过去的近八十年里，受到全世界各地读者的广泛欢迎。但这一系列书籍长期以来仅被低估定位成儿童读物。然而，西方学者近些年研究发现：小熊维尼普和他的朋友们在百亩林的冒险生活不仅充满童趣，还隐藏着深刻的中西方哲学内涵。本文通过讨论小熊维尼普系列书籍的翻译问题，在译者如何扮演好文化协调者这一角色﹑如何将英国文化中的文化及哲学内涵在翻译中全面传达给读者等问题上提出自己的见解和建议。本文有六个部分组成，前言部分总体介绍全文，结论部分总结各章要点。 第一章简要介绍米尔恩的生平，概述小熊维尼普系列故事的主要情节。本章简述了作者的家庭生活、文学成就以及在两次世界大战中的经历。它们是米尔恩创作出小熊维尼普的背景因素。概述小熊维尼普故事的主要情节是为作为文化协调者的译者提供必不可少的背景知识。 第二章总结了西方学者从哲学分析角度对小熊维尼普系列故事的研究成果。约翰·泰尔曼·威廉姆斯认为，这一系列故事体现了整个西方哲学，尤其是希腊古典哲学。另一学者本杰明·霍夫则声称，中国道家思想在这系列作品中也有体现。两位学者的研究扩展了译者的视野。作为文化协调者，译者可以在翻译中从哲学的角度重新审视米尔恩的这两部作品。 第三章将翻译研究的理论成果应用于小熊维尼普系列故事的翻译中。在本章中讨论的翻译理论主要有：功能派翻译理论、话语及语境分析理论、多元系统论、文化研究学派、哲学学派以及跨学科翻译研究。以上这些翻译研究成果是本论文的理论基础。 第四章把文化置于五个相互关联的逻辑层次中来考察。这五个逻辑层次依次是：环境、行为、能力/策略/技巧、信仰/价值观和身份。同时，本章还分析了每一层次所具有的文化特征在小熊维尼普系列作品中的体现。最后，本章针对译者身份如何转变成文化协调者的问题，提出了建议，旨在帮助译者更有效地进行翻译工作。

SYNOPSIS British writer A. A. Milne’s Pooh Bear stories, mainly Winnie-the-Pooh and The House at Pooh Corner, had been popular all around the world for almost 80 years. However, these books had been underestimated as only children’s readings until some Western scholars discovered the Western and Eastern philosophies such as the ancient Greek Philosophy and ancient Chinese Taoism hidden underneath the hilarious adventures of Winnie-the-Pooh and his friends in Hundred Acre Wood. Based on the case study of translating the Pooh Bear books, this thesis is aimed to give suggestions on how translators can fulfill their task as cultural mediators, i.e. on how to thoroughly convey the cultural and philosophical connotations of British culture in their own cultures. Chapter 1 briefly narrates Milne’s life story and gives a plot summary of the two Pooh Bear books. The chapter sketches Milne’s family life, literary career, and experiences during the two world wars, which led him to write the so-called children’s classics profound philosophical wisdom. The plot summary functions as background information for my further discussion on translators as cultural mediators. Chapter 2 summarizes the research on the Pooh Bear books from a philosophical angle in the Western world. John Tyerman Williams argues that the whole Western philosophy, especially the ancient Greek philosophy, may be found in Milne’s Pooh books. Benjamin Hoff contends that the Pooh Bear stories reveal the ancient Chinese Taoism as well. Their findings will help broaden the minds of translators as cultural mediators so that they may approach these children’s classics from a brand-new philosophical view. Chapter 3 applies to the translation of the Pooh Bear stories such translation studies as Functionalist Theory, Discourse and Register Analysis, Polysystem Theory, Varieties of Cultural Studies, Modern Philosophical Approaches, and Translation Studies as an Interdiscipline. All these serve as the theoretical basis of my suggestions on translating the Pooh Bear books. Chapter 4 first examines culture at five hierarchically ordered and interrelated logical levels—environment, behaviours, capabilities/strategies/skills, beliefs/values and identity—and the cultural characteristics of these levels reflected in the Pooh Bear stories. Next, it gives suggestions on how translators can fulfill their task well when their role shifts to cultural mediators.

学位：文学硕士

院系专业：外文学院外文系_英语语言文学

学号：200104029