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Why we fight and The focused interview. Cinema and Social Science during World War II

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Author(s)
Girona i Duran, Ramon
Gimeno i Torrent, Xavier

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/1387793
Online Access
http://www.raco.cat/index.php/Comunicacio/article/view/296951
http://hispana.mcu.es/es/registros/registro.cmd?tipoRegistro=MTD&idBib=18395737
Abstract
Durant la Segona Guerra Mundial, l'exèrcit dels Estats Units va plantejar uns mètodes d'adoctrinament de la tropa que combinaven la instrucció física i tècnica amb la formació racional. La sèrie cinematogràfica documental Why We Fight (WWF) va ser una de les millors respostes a aquests nous mètodes. WWF pretenia activar la part racional del soldat, proporcionant-li documentació exhaustiva de la guerra, i, al mateix temps, aquesta argumentació racional es convertia en la base sobre la qual es desplegaven les estratègies d'estimulació emocional. Però, a més a més de ser una peça clau en el programa pedagògic de l'exèrcit, WWF també va esdevenir un avenç en la investigació de les reaccions de les audiències. En relació amb això, es van desenvolupar tècniques com l'entrevista enfocada per a investigar les respostes dels soldats davant dels films. L'objectiu del mètode sembla que era avaluar les reaccions i proposar canvis en els films perquè complissin millor el seu propòsit d'adoctrinament.
During World War II, the U.S. military suggested troop indoctrination methods that combined physical and technical training with rational formation. The series of documentary films Why We Fight was one of the best examples of these new methods. WWF tried to activate the rational part of the soldier, providing him with comprehensive information about the war, while at the same time this rational argument became the foundation on which emotional stimulation strategies were built. Besides being a key player in the Army s educational program, however, WWF was also a breakthrough in audience reaction research. In connection with this, techniques such as the focused interview were developed to investigate the responses of soldiers when faced with these films. It appears that the aim of this method was to evaluate reactions and to propose changes in the films in order to better achieve their purpose of moral and psychological indoctrination.
Date
2015
Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Identifier
oai:hispana.mcu.es:18395737
http://www.raco.cat/index.php/Comunicacio/article/view/296951
http://hispana.mcu.es/es/registros/registro.cmd?tipoRegistro=MTD&idBib=18395737
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