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La « marmitte renversée » : construction discursive et fonctionnement argumentatif d’une insulte dans les polémiques des guerres de religion (1560-1600) The “Overturned Pot”: Discursive Construction and Polemic Use of an Insult during the French Religious Wars (1560-1600)

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Author(s)
Paul-Alexis Mellet
Caroline Mellet
Keywords
insult
eucharist
French religious wars
overturned pot
pamphlets
eucharistie
guerres de religion
insultes
marmite renversée
pamphlets
Language and Literature
P
DOAJ:Languages and Literatures
Style. Composition. Rhetoric
P301-301.5
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/1498636
Online Access
https://doaj.org/article/97269092fb504b09be05a1a86f1fdc01
Abstract
L’article propose de montrer comment le motif de la marmite, courant dans la culture de la Renaissance, se spécialise dans un sens politique pour constituer une insulte dans le contexte précis de la polémique opposant pamphlets catholiques et protestants pendant les guerres de religion. En effet, le motif de la marmite, objet central de la cuisine, condense héritage biblique (Ezechiel XI et XXIV), tradition littéraire (Plaute) et culture populaire (telle que Rabelais s’en fait l’écho), pour constituer une critique des présumés péchés du clergé (concupiscence, gourmandise, pacte avec le diable, etc.). A travers l’étude de plusieurs pamphlets (Thomas Beaux-Amis, Théodore de Bèze, etc.) se répondant dans le cadre d’une polémique centrée sur les rites chrétiens, nous mettons en évidence la dynamique discursive permettant la réappropriation du motif dans une valeur d’insulte. Nous étudions en particulier les processus argumentatifs utilisés au fil des pamphlets par chaque camp pour renvoyer l’insulte à l’autre. Il est alors possible de suivre le cheminement discursif de la construction d’une insulte. Il s’agit enfin de souligner la force argumentative de l’image satirique dont la fonction est bien sûr pour les deux Eglises de conforter la confession et pour les catholiques d’éviter la conversion au protestantisme.<br>This article shows how the motif of the cooking pot, recurrent in Renaissance culture, was, in the particular context of the polemics which raged between Catholic and Protestant pamphleteers during the French religious wars, converted into an elaborate political insult. A central element of culinary life, the cooking pot was also loaded with biblical heritage (Ezekiel 11 and 24), literary tradition (Plautus) and popular culture (such as that propounded by Rabelais), which made of it a concise symbol of the supposed sins of the clergy (concupiscence, gourmandise, pact with the devil, etc.). Through the study of several pamphlets (Thomas Beaux-Amis, Theodore Beza, etc.), which answer each other in the context of a polemic centred on Christian rites, we expose the discursive dynamics through which the motif of the cooking pot was appropriated as a political insult. We focus in particular on the argumentative processes employed by each camp in throwing the insult back onto their opponent – the study of this batting back and forth enabling us to trace the discursive construction of the insult. We also underline the controversial force of this satirical image, which was naturally associated by both churches with the consolidation of the practice of confession and employed by the Catholics as a tool against conversion to protestantism.
Date
2012-04-01
Type
Article
Identifier
oai:doaj.org/article:97269092fb504b09be05a1a86f1fdc01
1565-8961
https://doaj.org/article/97269092fb504b09be05a1a86f1fdc01
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