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A "infância desamparada" no asilo agrícola de Santa Isabel: instrução rural e infantil (1880 - 1886) The "abandoned childhood" in Santa Isabel’s agricultural asylum: rural instruction and child labor (1880-1886)

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Author(s)
Alessandra Frota Martinez de Schueler
Keywords
Infância
Instrução primária
Educação agrícola
Childhood
Primary education
Agricultural education
Education (General)
L7-991
Education
L
DOAJ:Education
DOAJ:Social Sciences
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/1499687
Online Access
https://doaj.org/article/7ab7d62205bd45f1ac8bac239792a9c7
Abstract
O presente trabalho trata da criação da Associação Protetora da Infância Desamparada, na Província do Rio de Janeiro, nos anos 1880, e as suas propostas de promover a instrução primária e a educação agrícola destinadas às chamadas crianças pobres do Império. Para tanto, levou-se em consideração os debates sobre a difusão da instrução elementar, o trabalho e a reatualização das políticas de controle social. Estas políticas estiveram presentes entre as preocupações e os objetivos dos sócios fundadores e políticos do Império e sinalizaram para um projeto de educação asilar, no qual a economia agrícola surgia como base da construção nacional. Para compreender essas questões, o artigo detém-se na análise do Asylo Agrícola de Santa Isabel, criado pela Associação e inaugurado em 1886. Busca-se caracterizar: sua arquitetura, os espaços construídos e áreas externas; as crianças para lá enviadas, sua naturalidade, sexo e condição social; e o ensino ministrado, os saberes difundidos, disciplina de caráter religioso, recursos a prêmios como emulação e trabalho no campo. Conclui-se com a afirmação de que a tentativa de estabelecer uma política de educação moral e religiosa, aliada à instrução elementar e ao ensino voltado ao trabalho rural, com o intuito de conservação de uma mão-de-obra dependente nas fazendas agrícolas, consistiu nos fundamentos e objetivos principais da Associação Protetora da Infância Desamparada.<br>The present work deals with the creation of the Association for the Protection of the Abandoned Childhood, in the Province of Rio de Janeiro, in the 1880s, and with the Association’s proposals for promoting the primary education and the agricultural training destined to the so-called poor children of the Empire. To that effect, the debates on the diffusion of the elementary education, and the work and the updating of the social control policies were taken into account. These policies were present among the concerns and objectives of the Association’s founding partners and of the politicians of the Empire and they signaled to an asylum-based education project, in which the agricultural economy figures as the base of the national development. To understand those issues, the article focuses on the analysis of Santa Isabel’s Agricultural Asylum, created by the Association and inaugurated in 1886. The study attempts to characterize: the Asylum’s architecture, the buildings and external areas; the children sent there, their geographical origin, sex and social condition; and the teaching offered, the knowledge transmitted, disciplines of religious character, access to prizes as a source of stimulation and work in the field. The work concludes with the statement that the attempt of establishing a policy of moral and religious education, allied to the elementary education and the teaching focused on the rural work, with the intention of preserving a dependent workforce in the agricultural farms, was the foundation and main objective of the Association for the Protection of the Abandoned Childhood.
Date
2000-01-01
Type
Article
Identifier
oai:doaj.org/article:7ab7d62205bd45f1ac8bac239792a9c7
10.1590/S1517-97022000000100009
1517-9702
1678-4634
https://doaj.org/article/7ab7d62205bd45f1ac8bac239792a9c7
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