Análise do comportamento e sociedade: implicações para uma ciência dos valores Análisis del comportamiento y sociedad: implicaciones para una ciencia de los valores Behavior analysis and society: implications for a science of values
Keywords
CienciaSociedades
Conducta social
Análisis del comportamiento
Valores sociales
Ciência
Sociedades
Comportamento social
Análise do comportamento
Valores sociais
Science
Societies
Social behavior
Behavior analysis
Social values
Psychology
BF1-990
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion
B
DOAJ:Psychology
DOAJ:Social Sciences
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O behaviorismo radical tem sido alvo de muitas críticas, principalmente no que se refere às questões éticas. A despeito dessas críticas, Skinner considera a análise do comportamento uma ciência dos valores, discutindo a moralidade em termos de comportamento moral. Entretanto, a afirmação de que a análise do comportamento é uma ciência dos valores pode ter consequências sociais distintas a depender do modelo de ciência adotado como pressuposto. O debate científico contemporâneo trata da crise do modelo moderno de ciência e do surgimento de outro: o modelo pós-moderno. Uma das diferenças entre essas duas propostas científicas refere-se à relação entre ciência e sociedade. Considerando esses aspectos, o objetivo deste trabalho é discutir qual modelo de ciência, moderno ou pós-moderno, norteia a assertiva skinneriana que declara a análise do comportamento uma ciência dos valores. Para tanto, serão apresentadas, inicialmente, algumas concepções tradicionais de explicação do comportamento moral e as principais críticas que Skinner dirige a elas. Em seguida, o sistema ético skinneriano será analisado, juntamente às questões sociais envolvidas na prática do analista do comportamento. E, por fim, discutir-se-á como cada modelo de ciência pode subsidiar práticas de intervenção diferentes, com consequências sociais igualmente distintas.<br>El behaviorismo radical ha sido objetivo de muchas críticas, principalmente en lo que se refiere a las cuestiones éticas. Al respeto de esas críticas, Skinner considera el análisis del comportamiento una ciencia de los valores, discutiendo la moralidad en términos de comportamiento moral. No obstante, la afirmación de que el análisis del comportamiento es una ciencia de los valores puede tener consecuencias sociales distintas dependiendo del modelo de ciencia adoptado como supuesto. El debate científico contemporáneo trata la crisis del modelo moderno de ciencia y del surgimiento de otro: el modelo postmoderno. Una de las diferencias entre estas dos propuestas científicas se refiere a la relación entre ciencia y sociedad. Considerando esos aspectos, el objetivo de este trabajo es discutir qué modelo de ciencia, moderno o postmoderno, nortea la asertiva skinneriana que declara el análisis del comportamiento una ciencia de los valores. Para eso, serán presentadas, inicialmente, algunas concepciones tradicionales de explicación del comportamiento moral y las principales críticas que Skinner dirige a ellas. Enseguida, el sistema ético skinneriano será analizado, juntamente a las cuestiones sociales involucradas en la práctica del analista del comportamiento. Y, por fin, se discutirá como cada modelo de ciencia puede subvencionar prácticas de intervención diferentes, con consecuencias sociales igualmente distintas.<br>Radical behaviorism has attracted a lot of criticism, mainly when it comes to ethical issues. Despite the criticism, Skinner considers the behavior analysis a science of values, discussing morality in terms of moral behavior. However, the claim that the behavior analysis is a science of values may have distinctive social consequences depending on the model of science to be assumed. The contemporary scientific debate is about the crisis of the modern model of science and the emergence of another: the postmodern model. One of the differences between these two scientific proposals refers to the relation between science and society. Considering these aspects, the objective of this paper is to discuss which model of science, modern or postmodern, based on the skinnerian statement which declares the behavior analysis a science of values. To do so, initially, some traditional conceptions explaining moral behavior, and the main criticism that Skinner directs to them will be presented. Then, Skinner's ethical system will be analyzed, along with the social issues involved in the behavior analyst's practice, and, finally, the paper will discuss how each model of science can support different intervention practices, with equally distinct social consequences.Date
2012-01-01Type
ArticleIdentifier
oai:doaj.org/article:8d99c932cbdb41c8827380cee9e638bb1414-9893
1982-3703
https://doaj.org/article/8d99c932cbdb41c8827380cee9e638bb
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