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O Prouni e a conclusão do ensino superior: novas trajetórias pessoais e profissionais dos egressos El ProUni y la conclusión de la enseñanza superior: nuevas trayectorias personales y profesionales de los egresados ProUni and the conclusion of higher education: the new personal and professional trajectories of the users of the programIniciamos, em 2010, a pesquisa O ProUni e o acesso ao Ensino Superior: estudo introdutório sobre os usuários do programa na zona oeste do município Rio de Janeiro, que tem por objetivo geral avaliar os impactos de uma política pública em educação voltada à inclusão no Ensino Superior privado de populações com baixas chances de acesso ao mesmo. A pesquisa, realizada entre julho de 2010 e abril de 2011, investigou dados acerca dos alunos que ingressaram no Ensino Superior em 2005 e 2006, primeiros anos do ProUni, em duas IES privadas situadas no bairro de Campo Grande, zona oeste do Rio de Janeiro. Nossa hipótese inicial foi que, após pelo menos dois anos de conclusão do curso, esses egressos já teriam construído novas trajetórias profissionais e de vida. Os dados iniciais, apesar das suas limitações, indicam que, como política pública, o ProUni tem demonstrado eficácia pela baixa taxa de evasão e que os egressos experimentaram novas trajetórias profissionais e pessoais.<br>Empezamos, en el año 2010, la investigación denominada el ProUni y el acceso a la educación superior: estudio introductorio sobre los usuarios del programa de la zona oeste de la ciudad de Río de Janeiro, cuyo objeto era evaluar los impactos de una política pública en educación orientada hacia la inclusión en la Enseñanza Superior privada de poblaciones con pocas oportunidades de acceso a la misma. La encuesta, realizada entre julio del 2010 y abril del 2011, analizó datos sobre los estudiantes que ingresaron a la educación superior en 2005 y 2006, primeros años del ProUni, en dos instituciones privadas situadas en el barrio de Campo Grande, zona suburbana situada al oeste de Río de Janeiro. Nuestra hipótesis inicial era que, después de dos años, por lo menos, de haber concluido el curso, los graduados ya habrían construido nuevas trayectorias profesionales y de vida. Los datos iniciales, a pesar de sus limitaciones, señalan que, como política pública, el ProUni ha demostrado su eficacia debido a la baja tasa de deserción escolar y también porque los nuevos graduados consiguieron nuevas trayectorias profesionales y personales.<br>Last year we started the research ProUni and the access to Higher Education: introductory study on the users of the program in the western of the city of Rio de Janeiro, which aims, in general, to assess the overall impact of public policy in education geared to the inclusion of populations with low access to Higher Education private institutions. The survey, conducted between July 2010 and April 2011, investigated data related to the students who entered Higher Education in 2005 and 2006, the early years of ProUni in two private institutions located in the district of Campo Grande, in the area of Rio de Janeiro. Our initial hypothesis was that, after at least two years of graduation, these graduates would have built new trajectories in their lives and professional careers. The initial data, despite their limitations, indicate that, as public policy, ProUni has been demonstrating efficacy for the low drop-out rate and for the trajectories that graduates experienced in their new professional and personal lives.
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Transnacionalização e mercadorização da educação superior: examinando alguns efeitos colaterais do capitalismo acadêmico (sem riscos) no Brasil – A expansão privado-mercantilThis article aims to analyze the process of commodification of higher education in Brazil, with a special focus on transnationalization and for-profit providers. Based on an approach of critical theory, as developed by Susan Robertson, Roger Dale, Immanuel Wallerstein, Sheila Slaughter, Larry Leslie and Pierre Bourdieu, presents the argument that the commodification of higher education was unlocked from the enactment of LDB 9394 (Law of Directives and Bases of National Education), in 1996, and catalyzed by federal programs such as PROUNI (University for all Program) and FIES (Higher Education scholarship fund), generating a kind of "academic capitalism without risk" in Brazil.
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Access to higher education: ProUni in focusThe focus of this article is the access to Higher Education in Brazil and the University for All Program (ProUni). The research aimed to understand if ProUni is complying with its objective of creating opportunities to students from vulnerable groups for accessing Higher Education, and if there are differences in the baseline characteristics of ProUni graduates and non-ProUni graduates when admitted in a Higher Education. Using a quantitative approach with explanatory goal, data were analyzed via descriptive and inference statistics. Survey participants included 57 ProUni and 140 non-ProUni graduates; all were already Higher Education graduates from a non-profit institution in Southern Brazil and had accessed this level of education in 2005. The results show that ProUni provided access to Higher Education to a younger group of students than the non-ProUni group. The ProUni group also contained a larger number of women and a higher proportion of non-whites than the other group. Among ProUni scholarships, 12.28% had a per capita income higher monthly to three minimum wages and had a higher probability of choosing a licentiate/undergraduate degree. The graduates of the non-ProUni group tended to be more motivated by intrinsic factors, while the ProUni group is motivated by extrinsic factors when choosing courses.