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Criando Falsas Memórias em Adultos por meio de Palavras Associadas Creating False Memories in Adults using Word Associated Lists

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Author(s)
Lilian Milnitsky Stein
Giovanni Kuckartz Pergher
Keywords
Falsas memórias
palavras associadas
teoria do traço difuso
psicologia cognitiva
False memories
word associated
fuzzy trace theory
cognitive psychology
Psychology
BF1-990
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion
B
DOAJ:Psychology
DOAJ:Social Sciences
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/1566541
Online Access
https://doaj.org/article/d67d7b520a594f888d75bbf02ef9f26f
Abstract
Utilizou-se o procedimento de palavras associadas (DRM), o qual consiste na apresentação de listas de palavras semanticamente associadas às palavras não apresentadas, seguido por um teste de memória. Investigou-se o efeito do momento da testagem nas memórias verdadeiras e falsas e sua persistência por um período de uma semana, bem como o efeito de uma mera testagem sobre as respostas de um teste posterior. No Experimento 1, os índices de falsos reconhecimentos equivaleram aos dos verdadeiros em ambos os testes, sendo que as respostas verdadeiras persistiram mais que as falsas. No Experimento 2, no teste imediato, o índice de respostas verdadeiras foi superior ao das falsas, relação essa invertida no teste posterior. Quanto ao efeito da mera testagem, observou-se uma preservação das memórias verdadeiras e uma criação de falsas memórias. Os resultados são discutidos à luz da Teoria do Traço Difuso e consideradas possíveis implicações na prática psicoterápica e forense.<br>We used the DRM paradigm, which consists of the presentation of lists of associated words to a nonpresented one. We investigated the effect of time of testing, memory persistent and a mere memory test on both true and false memories. In Experiment 1, false recognition rates were as high as true recognition both in the immediate and delayed test. True memories were more persistent than false memories. Experiment 2 produced higher true recognition rates than false recognition in the immediate test. That relation was the inverse one in the delayed test. Regarding the effect of a previous memory test on a delayed one, we observed both a true memory inoculation against forgetting and a false memory creation effect. In addition, false memories were as persistent as true memories. Findings were discussed in terms of fuzzy trace theory interpretations. Possible clinical and forensic implications of our results were also considered.
Date
2001-01-01
Type
Article
Identifier
oai:doaj.org/article:d67d7b520a594f888d75bbf02ef9f26f
10.1590/S0102-79722001000200010
0102-7972
1678-7153
https://doaj.org/article/d67d7b520a594f888d75bbf02ef9f26f
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