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Antropologia e psicanálise existencial na obra sartreana

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Author(s)
Odasaki, Alvaro Hideki
Contributor(s)
Furlan, Reinaldo
Keywords
Antropologia
Psicanálise existencial
Sartre.
Anthropology
Existential Psychoanalysis
Sartre

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/1632714
Online Access
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59142/tde-21072017-104907/
Abstract
O objetivo do presente trabalho é expor a Psicanálise existencial, descrita em O Ser e o Nada (1943/2008), como fio condutor entre a dimensão individual e coletiva na obra sartreana. Especificamente, tentar interpretar o método de compreensão da ontologia fenomenológica como tentativa primordial de formular a purificação do campo antropológico. Em outras palavras, mostrar que a subjetividade não pode ser enquadrada partindo dos pressupostos da ciência tradicional, que reifica o processo existencial. A fim de alcançar esse objetivo, nossa exposição é divida em duas partes: (1) elucidação das premissas da Psicanálise existencial e (2) interpretar a obra Questão de método (1957/1966) a partir dos resultados adquiridos em (1). Portanto, primeiramente expomos o sujeito como projeção existencial para, então, demonstrar que a dinâmica social está intimamente articulada com essa estrutura subjetiva. Isso significa que, em alguma medida não existe separação ontológica entre a dimensão individual e a coletiva. Nesse sentido, salientamos como, segundo Sartre, o existencialismo pode auxiliar as pretensões marxistas. Nesta investigação, pode-se perceber que, apesar da inflexão presente na trajetória intelectual sartreana, a tentativa de humanizar os meios pelos quais se investiga as ações humanas esteve sempre presente nos escritos de Sartre. É nesse sentido que propomos a articulação entre Psicanálise existencial e o método de compreensão do campo antropológico.
The aim of the present work is to expose existential psychoanalysis, which is described in Being and Nothingness (1943/2008), as being the guiding thread between the individual and the collective dimensions in the Sartrean oeuvre. Specifically, we try to interpret the comprehension method of phenomenological ontology as a primordial attempt to formulate the \"purification\" of the anthropological field. In other words, to show that subjectivity can not be framed within the assumptions of traditional science, thus reifying the existential process. In order to do so, our exposition is divided into two parts: (1) the elucidation of the premises of existential psychoanalysis and (2) the interpreting of the work Search for a Method (1957/1966) in light of the results acquired in (1). Therefore, we first expose the subject as an existential projection to then proceed to demonstrate that social dynamics is intimately articulated with this subjective structure. This means that, to some extent, there is no ontological separation between the individual and collective dimensions. In this sense, we underline how, according to Sartre, existentialism can aid in Marxist pretensions. In this research, it is possible to see that, despite the inflection present in Sartre\'s intellectual trajectory, the attempt to \"humanize\" the means by which human actions are investigated was always present in his writings. It is in this sense that we propose the articulation between existential psychoanalysis and the comprehension method of the anthropological field.
Date
2017-06-01
Type
Dissertação de Mestrado
Identifier
oai:teses.usp.br:tde-21072017-104907
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59142/tde-21072017-104907/
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