Abstract
本文针对性解放运动所导致的性无忌、性放纵及其所产生的消极后果和负面影响 提出要重建性禁忌观。文章论述了性无忌的特点、表现和危害,阐述了重建性禁忌的必要性、根 据和意义,分析了性禁忌与性禁锢、性开放的关系,并就如何重建性禁忌的问题提出了初步的意 见。Date
2004Type
ArticleCopyright/License
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Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in El SalvadorGuirola, Yolanda; Cortez, Rafael; Revuelta, Karin-Annabela (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2015-06)The aim of the study is to understand
 the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) behavior and
 determinants among adolescents in El Salvador using data
 from a survey of 1,258 adolescents’ aged 10-19 and 12
 interviews with representatives from the Ministry of Health
 (MOH), Ministry of Education (MOE), nongovernmental
 organizations (NGOs), and United Nation (UN) agencies. The
 study found that adolescents were not educated enough on
 their sexual and reproductive health rights (SRHR), and have
 limited use of and access to contraceptives. Alcohol and
 violence were found to be associated with risky sexual
 behavior, requiring a multisectoral response from the
 government and civil society. Adolescents need to receive
 earlier and more accurate information on their SRHR; and
 this information should be disseminated in a way that
 empowers adolescents to make responsible decisions about
 their sexual reproductive health. The MOE can play a vital
 role in informing adolescents in this area, and adjust these
 programs when necessary. Further, the role of parents is
 critical, as the study found that adolescents are not
 receiving adequate and enough SRHR information from their
 parents. In addition, the MOH needs to offer
 adolescent-friendly health services, which includes trained
 health personnel. Although adolescents stated that the
 maternal and child health programs offered were satisfactory
 and the government has made an effort at educating
 adolescents on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and
 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), both the
 promotion of contraceptive methods and monitoring adolescent
 SRHR remain as key challenges to be addressed by
 multisectoral interventions.
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Rewarding Safer Sex : Conditional Cash Transfers for HIV/STI PreventionDow, William H.; de Walque, Damien; Nathan, Rose (World Bank Group, Washington, DC, 2014-12-03)Incentive-based policies have been shown
 to be powerful in many areas of behavior, but have rarely
 been tested in the sexual domain. The Rewarding Sexually
 Transmitted Infection Prevention and Control in Tanzania
 (RESPECT) study is a randomized controlled trial testing the
 hypothesis that a system of rapid feedback and positive
 reinforcement that uses cash as the primary incentive can be
 used to reduce risky sexual activity among young people,
 male and female, who are at high risk of HIV infection. The
 study enrolled 2,399 participants in 10 villages in rural
 southwest Tanzania. The intervention arm received
 conditional cash transfers that depended on negative results
 of periodic screenings for sexually transmitted infections,
 an objectively measured marker for risky sexual behavior.
 The intervention arm was further divided into two subgroups,
 one receiving a high value payment of up to $60 over the
 course of the study ($20 payments every four months) and the
 other receiving a lower value payment of up to $30 ($10
 payments every four months). At the end of the one year of
 intervention, the results showed a significant reduction in
 sexually transmitted infections in the group that was
 eligible for the $20 payments every four months, but no such
 reduction was found for the group receiving the $10
 payments. The effects were stronger among the lower
 socioeconomic and higher risks groups. The results of a
 post-intervention follow-up survey conducted one year after
 discontinuing the intervention indicate a sustained effect
 among males, but not among females.
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Supporting Youth at RiskNaudeau, Sophie; Cohan, Lorena M.; McGinnis, Linda; Cunningham, Wendy (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2008)The World Bank has produced this policy
 Toolkit in response to a growing demand from our government
 clients and partners for advice on how to create and
 implement effective policies for at-risk youth. The author
 has highlighted 22 policies (six core policies, nine
 promising policies, and seven general policies) that have
 been effective in addressing the following five key risk
 areas for young people around the world: (i) youth
 unemployment, underemployment, and lack of formal sector
 employment; (ii) early school leaving; (iii) risky sexual
 behavior leading to early childbearing and HIV/AIDS; (iv)
 crime and violence; and (v) substance abuse. The objective
 of this Toolkit is to serve as a practical guide for policy
 makers in middle-income countries as well as professionals
 working within the area of youth development on how to
 develop and implement an effective policy portfolio to
 foster healthy and positive youth development.