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人权平等与社会公正 [Human Rights on Equality and Social Justice]

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Author(s)
甘, 绍平
Keywords
human rights
equality
justice
GE Subjects
Political ethics

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/185073
Abstract
自由、平等、博爱既是法国大革命时期提出的著名政治口号,也是可以用以对人权理念的 不同层面进行高度哲学概括的重要范畴。一般而言,自由所体现的是第一代人权的价值诉求; 博爱所体现的则是第二代人权的价值取向。我们或许可以说自由是一项根本性的原则,我们也 可以说博爱亦是一项根本性的原则。然而平等的归属则是一个颇为复杂的话题。至少我们不可 以说平等也是一项根本性的原则,具有无条件和绝对的适用性。从表面上看,人权当然是平等 的,平等是人权的本质属性。因此用平等来表征作为消极性自由权利的第一代人权,应当说是 不成问题的;用平等来表征以社会财富再分配为内容的积极性的第二代人权,当然也没有问 题。问题在于,第二代人权与社会财富的再分配密切相关。假如超出人权平等这一点,进而试 图在社会财富再分配方面实现严格的平等原则,那么这样一种要求或努力就会因其目标过于高 远而受到质疑。换言之,人权是平等的,不论是第一代人权还是第二代人权。但是在与第二代 人权相关的社会财富再分配领域,能够占据支配地位的价值取向与道德诉求并不是平等原则。 许多人认为在这个领域应当倡导的不是平等而是公正原则。
Date
2008
Type
Article
Copyright/License
With permission of the license/copyright holder
Collections
Globethics Library Submissions
Chinese Ethics / 中文伦理

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