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A história da recepção da Bíblia hebraica no Corão [The history of the Hebrew Bible’s reception in the Koran]

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Author(s)
Porath, Renatus
Keywords
Reception history
Hebrew Bible
Koran
Israelite prophecy
GE Subjects
Religious ethics
Ecumenism
Intercultural and contextual theologies
Comparative religion and interreligious dialogue
Sources, sacred texts

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/196572
Abstract
"O processo de recepção da Bíblia hebraica no Corão revela movimentos de aproximação e de distanciamento, ora evidenciando dependência – senão da fonte escrita ao menos da tradição oral – ora marcando posição própria a partir da experiência religiosa do profeta árabe. O elemento profético, próprio das três comunidades monoteístas, tem sua origem no antigo Israel. A religião profética, entendida como religião de resistência, serve de porta de entrada para proceder o estudo comparativo entre a profecia israelita e a profecia árabe. Surpreendentes pontos de encontro podem ser detectados, mas também o peculiar das duas vertentes proféticas ganha relevância. A recepção da Bíblia hebraica, ou melhor, de alguns de seus temas em suratas corânicas, ocorre no século VII da nossa era, um mundo permeado de uma cosmovisão gnóstica, determinando a leitura de temas e tradições. A narrativa de Abraão, examinada neste artigo, revela uma interessante dinâmica de interdependência na literatura que teve sua origem na Bíblia hebraica. Tradições sobre Abraão no Corão, por exemplo, pressupõem conhecimento da narrativa de Gênesis e de materiais recolhidos no Talmude. Ao verter-se a narrativa para o árabe, acontece um novo momento de releitura no encontro com o novo público. Esse produto final, ou parte dele, pode circular novamente na comunidade judaica, como o parece evidenciar uma passagem na literatura rabínica. O diálogo tenso entre o profeta árabe e a comunidade judaica em Medina também marcou a história da recepção; procura-se entender as posições diante de outro, assumidas nessas referências corânicas, a partir do contexto histórico do surgimento da comunidade islâmica primitiva" ["The Hebrew Bible’s process of reception in the Koran reveals moments of approach and others of distance: on the one hand, it shows dependency – if not from the written source, at least from the oral tradition –; on the other hand, it asserts the Arabian prophet’s own position, taking his religious experience as its standpoint. The prophetic element, characteristic of the three monotheist communities, has its origin in Ancient Israel. The prophetic religion, understood as religion of resistance, may be taken as a point of access to proceed to the comparative study of Israelite and Arabian prophecies. While surprising points of convergence may be detected, nevertheless the uniqueness of the two prophetic streams also gains relevance. The reception of the Hebrew Bible, i.e., of some of its subjects, into the Koranic surahs occurs in 7th century of our age, a world then permeated by a Gnostic vision of the cosmos, determining themes and traditions of readings. Abraham’s narrative, examined in this article, reveals an interesting dynamics of interdependence in the literature that has its origin in the Hebrew Bible. Traditions about Abraham in the Koran, for instance, seem taken for granted by the original Torah, as well as by traditions assembled in rabbinic literature. As the narrative is integrated into the Arab context, a new process of rereading occurs when facing the new public. This final product, or part of it, once again circulates amidst the Jewish community, as a passage in the rabbinic literature seems to indicate. The tense dialogue between the Arabian prophet and the Jewish community in Medina also marked this reception history. The struggle is to understand the two perspectives, shown in these references in the Koran, from the historical context of the rise of the early Islamic community"]
Date
2008
Type
Article
Copyright/License
With permission of the license/copyright holder
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