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La infraestructura de transporte sostenible y su contribución a la igualdad en América Latina y el Caribe [The sustainable transport infrastructure and its contribution to equality in Latin America and the Caribbean]

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Author(s)
Lupano, Jorge A.
Keywords
Infrastructure
equality
sustainable development
Social development
GE Subjects
Political ethics
Development ethics
Economic ethics
Environmental ethics
General theology/other

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/202912
Abstract
"El presente estudio aborda la aplicación de los lineamientos establecidos en el documento “La hora de la igualdad: brechas por cerrar, caminos por abrir”, presentado por la CEPAL en su trigésimo tercer período de sesiones (Brasilia, 2010) al ámbito regional del transporte y las infraestructuras asociadas. Examina en primer lugar el impacto del bajo costo de la movilidad de personas y bienes sobre los fenómenos de expansión acelerada del comercio y de aglomeración y densidad de la actividad productiva, constituyendo un disparador del desarrollo económico y de la generación de nuevas oportunidades de empleo. Analiza las principales características de los mercados del transporte, fundamentando la necesidad de intervenciones públicas para el planeamiento de las infraestructuras y para garantizar el acceso a las mismas por parte de los usuarios. Examina también diversas fallas de mercado del lado de la demanda —presencia de externalidades y efectos indirectos—, las cuales distorsionan la configuración óptima de los tráficos y la prioridad relativa de las inversiones. Además de frenar el incremento de la productividad y los ingresos, dichas distorsiones provocan daños ambientales y sociales que recaen principalmente sobre los sectores de menores ingresos. El estudio propone un cambio de paradigma en las políticas tradicionales de la región, sobre la base de una visión integradora, sostenible e inclusiva denominada ‘Enfoque Comodal’, siguiendo la terminología europea. Plantea algunas de sus consecuencias institucionales, y aborda también de modo estilizado las posibles consecuencias distributivas de su implementación, examinando políticas que maximizarían la progresividad de su impacto". ["The present study addresses the application of the guidelines in the document "Time for equality: closing gaps, opening trails " presented by ECLAC in its thirty-third session ( Brasilia, 2010) to regional transport and associated infrastructure. First examines the impact of low cost of mobility of people and goods on the phenomena of accelerated expansion of trade and agglomeration and density of production activity , constituting a trigger economic development and generation of new employment opportunities . It analyzes the main characteristics of the transport markets , basing the need for public assistance for planning and infrastructure to ensure access to them by users . It also examines various market failures of demand - side presence of externalities and indirect - effects , which distort the optimal configuration of the traffic and the relative priority of investments. In addition to stem rising productivity and incomes, these distortions lead to environmental and social damage , which mainly lower income sectors . The study proposes a paradigm shift in traditional policies in the region , based on an inclusive , sustainable, and inclusive vision called ' modal approach ' , following the European terminology . Raises some of its institutional consequences , and also addresses the possible mode of stylized distributional consequences of their implementation , examining policies that would maximize the impact of escalation".]
Date
2013
Type
Reference book
Copyright/License
Creative Commons Copyright (CC 2.5)
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