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敦煌莫高窟の西魏代における石窟空間構成 : 千仏図の描写設計を中心として

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Author(s)
Kaoru Suemori
末森 薫
Keywords
中国仏教美術
敦煌莫高窟
西魏
石窟空間構成
千仏図の描写設計
Chinese Buddhist Art
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes
Western Wei
Cave Space

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/2106634
Online Access
https://minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=7298
http://hdl.handle.net/10502/00008441
https://minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=7298&item_no=1&attribute_id=22&file_no=1
Abstract
中国甘粛省敦煌市の郊外に位置する仏教遺跡・莫高窟では,西魏代(六世紀前半)に,漢式の服制や中国古来の伝統的図案など,中国固有の特色を強くあらわした造形が取り入れられた。中国固有の要素が多く取り入れられた歴史的・思想的な背景については,新たな要素の受容が顕著である第285 窟を中心として,これまでにも数多くの研究がおこなわれている。一方,第285 窟以外の西魏代に造営された石窟では,西魏以前から踏襲する莫高窟に伝統的な要素も多く認められる。そのひとつに,配列・配色によって規則性を備える千仏図がある。西魏の時代における石窟造営の諸相を理解するためには,新たにもちこまれた要素のみならず,規則性を備える千仏図をはじめとした莫高窟に既存であった要素が,石窟空間においてどのように機能しているかを理解することが不可欠となる。本稿では,規則性を備える千仏図が壁面の広い面積に描かれる第248,249,288 窟を主な対象として,各窟の空間を構成する諸要素を整理し,規則性を備える千仏図の石窟空間における機能を解釈する。そして,西魏窟の空間構想や造営者の特徴について一考を提示する。
During the Western Wei dynasty (535–556 C.E.) in the Mogao Grottoes,several images and styles originating from China were introduced to thecave art, such as Chinese style clothing and traditional motifs from ancientChina. Many studies have focused on the historical or ideological backgroundof these arts, especially on Cave 285 of which the statue and murals indicatea strong influence from Chinese culture. On the other hand, many elementswere derived from before the Western Wei dynasty. One of the derivedelements is the Thousand Buddha motif, which repeats rows of seated Buddhafigures with a regular coloring pattern. To understand the characteristicsof the cave construction in the Western Wei dynasty, it is significant to understandhow the Buddhist cave spaces were formed by both newly introducedelements and elements derived from older origins. The wide internal spaces ofCave 248, Cave 249 and Cave 288, which were assumed to have been constructedin the Western Wei dynasty, are decorated by the Thousand Buddhamotif. This paper reveals the functions of the Thousand Buddha motifdepicted in these three caves through analyzing the formation of the cavessuch as the cave structure, allocation of the statue and murals, and the drawingdesign of the Thousand Buddha motif. This paper also indicates theconcept of cave construction in the Western Wei dynasty as well as the characteristicsof the groups engaged in constructing the caves in this period.
Date
2017-03-10
Type
Departmental Bulletin Paper
Identifier
oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00007298
https://minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=7298
http://hdl.handle.net/10502/00008441
国立民族学博物館研究報告 = Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology, 41(2), 127-193(2017-03-10)
0385180X
AN00091943
https://minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=7298&item_no=1&attribute_id=22&file_no=1
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