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Anthropocentrism and speciesism [Antropocentrismo y especismo]

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Author(s)
Faria, Catia
Paez, Eze
Keywords
anthropocentrism
speciesism
nonhuman animals
non-anthropocentric speciesism
GE Subjects
Methods of ethics
Philosophical ethics
Environmental ethics
Animal ethics

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/213827
Abstract
"Anthropocentrism is the position according to which the interests of human beings should be favoured over the interests of nonhuman entities. Anthropocentrism is usually associated with speciesism, a slightly different position that defends the preferential consideration and treatment of certain individuals based on their species membership. In this article, we will challenge two common assumptions regarding the relation between anthropocentrism and speciesism. The first assumption is that anthropocentrism and speciesism are equivalent concepts. However, there are clear counterexamples of non-anthropocentric speciesism, that is, cases in which there is a preferential consideration of members of a certain nonhuman species over the members of other nonhuman species. The second assumption is the inevitability of anthropocentrism, which would supposedly justify speciesism. Nevertheless, this justificatory attempt is based on a fatal ambiguity between epistemic and moral anthropocentrism. Once this ambiguity is dissolved we will show how moral anthropocentrism does not follow from epistemic anthropocentrism and that any attempt to justify speciesism from epistemic anthropocentrism is deeply unwarranted. Finally, we will conclude that both anthropocentric and non-anthropocentric forms of speciesism are unjustified" ["El antropocentrismo es la posición según la cual los intereses de los seres humanos deben ser favorecidos sobre los intereses de entidades no humanas. Suele asociarse el antropocentrismo al especismo, una posición ligeramente distinta que defiende la consideración y trato preferentes de ciertos individuos basándose en la pertenencia a una especie. En este artículo, cuestionaremos dos asunciones comunes acerca de la relación entre antropocentrismo y especismo. La primera asunción es que antropocentrismo y especismo son conceptos equivalentes. Sin embargo, hay claros contraejemplos de especismo no antropocéntrico, esto es, casos en los que se da una consideración preferente a los miembros de ciertas especies no humanas sobre los miembros de otras especies no humanas. La segunda asunción es la inevitabilidad del antropocentrismo, que supuestamente justificaría el especismo. No obstante, este intento de justificación se basa en una ambigüedad fatal entre antropocentrismo epistémico y moral. Una vez disuelta esta ambigüedad mostraremos cómo el antropocentrismo moral no se sigue del antropocentrismo epistémico y que cualquier intento de de justificar el especismo desde el antropocentrismo epistémico está profundamente errado. Finalmente, concluiremos que tanto la forma antropocéntrica como la no antropocéntrica de especismo están injustificadas"]
Date
2014
Type
Article
Copyright/License
Creative Commons Copyright (CC 2.5)
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