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New bioethical challenges in neuroscience [Novos desafios bioéticos em neurociência]

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Author(s)
Jácomo, António
Keywords
Neuroethics
Bioethics
Cerebrum
Ethics
GE Subjects
Methods of ethics
Bioethics
Medical ethics
Health ethics

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/214387
Abstract
"Modern developments in the neurosciences raise a number of ethical issues, not always discussed in a dispassionate way. The most pressing interest lies in the fact that ‘neuroethics’ condenses an interdisciplinary scientific-philosophical reflection. Encouraged by neuroethics, new data on brain function promote a review of neuroethical “actus humanus”, and a new vision about anthropological dualism. One of the main implications of contemporary advances in neuroscience is the awareness that traditional philosophical questions are not able to give a good foundation for valid moral discernment. Moreover, neuroethics has a magic charm not just for ethical deliberation, but the cases that fall within its jurisdiction include some of the most controversial and strange issues, such as the question of dualism. Since Neuroethics, as a “neuroscience of ethics”, clarifies the constraints of human action, we can easily understand that the more we know about these conditioning factors the more we are able to affirm and justify the limits of ethics in neuroscientific knowledge. Faced with this dichotomy challenges, how do we justify ethics in the neurosciences? The link that we propose in the article is to make a synthesis of the “brain of the ethics” and the “ethics of the brain”" ["Os desenvolvimentos modernos das neurociências levantam um número de questões éticas nem sempre discutidas de um modo imparcial. O interesse mais urgente reside no fato de a ‘neuroética’ condensar uma reflexão científica e filosófica interdisciplinar. Estimulados pela neuroética, novos dados sobre a função cerebral promovem uma revisão do “actus humanus” neuroético e traz uma nova visão sobre o dualismo antropológico. Uma das implicações principais dos avanços contemporâneos da neurociência é a consciência de que as questões filosóficas tradicionais não são capazes de fornecer um bom fundamento ao discernimento moral válido. Além disso, não só a neuroética tem um encanto mágico para a deliberação ética como os casos que estão incluídos em sua jurisdição envolvem algumas questões mais controversas e estranhas, como a questão do dualismo. Como a Neuroética, na qualidade de “neurociência da ética”, esclarece as restrições da ação humana, podemos facilmente entender que quanto mais sabemos sobre esses fatores condicionantes, tanto mais capazes somos de afirmar e justificar os limites da ética no conhecimento neurocientífico. Diante do desafio dessa dicotomia, como justificamos a ética nas neurociências? A conexão que propomos no artigo é fazer uma síntese entre o “cérebro da ética” e a “ética do cérebro”"]
Date
2013
Type
Article
Copyright/License
Creative Commons Copyright (CC 2.5)
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