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Discursos utópicos seiscentistas na Inglaterra e América

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Author(s)
Guimarães, Alice Manuela Martins
Contributor(s)
Avelar, Mário
Keywords
Eliot, John, 1604-1690
Winstanley, Gerrard, 1609-1676
História
Literatura americana
Literatura inglesa
Puritanismo
Missionação
Utopia
Política
Interregnum
Utopianism
Reality
Eliot
Winstanley
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/2165706
Online Access
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/2163
Abstract
Tese de Doutoramento em Literatura na especialidade de Literatura Norte-Americana apresentada à Universidade Aberta
O Interregnum Inglês proporcionou inúmeras possibilidades para se orientar e
 moldar o futuro da nação. Este período caracteriza-se por uma imensa
 manifestação da imaginação política que veio desencadear uma quantidade
 produções escritas e visões utópicas nunca dantes presenciada. Mais do que
 nunca, neste período, o utopismo orienta-se para uma realidade esperançosa.
 Nesta tese estudamos duas dessas utopias: The Law of Freedom de Gerrard
 Winstanley e The Christian Commonwealth de John Eliot. As visões utópicas
 destas duas obras fornecem-nos uma introspecção no imaginário político que
 vigorou durante o Interregnum inglês. Escritas em dois hemisférios diferentes e
 dentro do mesmo contexto político-religioso – o Puritanismo – ambas as utopias
 ilustram o grau da imaginação política dos seus autores e fornecem uma
 oportunidade de examinar diferentes formas de se lidar com as questões sóciopolíticas
 bem como diferentes perspectivas de serem encontradas soluções
 ideais. Apesar das diferenças substanciais, podemos encontrar alguns pontos
 comuns, tais como a esperança na mudança e num futuro melhor e um receio
 comum, tanto pelo regresso do poder monárquico quanto pela anarquia
 ameaçadora. Desta forma, ambas as utopias oferecem um código de leis para
 organizar e disciplinar a ordem social, através de um discurso retórico
 sancionado pelas Escrituras, baseando-se cada uma delas no pragmatismo
 das experiências prévias dos seus autores: As Praying Towns de Eliot e as
 comunidades Digger de Winstanley.
 Para além disso, ao examinarmos o objectivo comum e as diferentes
 estratégias para alcançar as sua utopias, elaboramos um estudo comparativo
 entre estes dois autores; estudo, esse, que está em falta na história da escrita
 utópica.
The English Interregnum offered unlimited possibilities for shaping the
 country’s future. This period revealed an unprecedented surge of
 political imagination which would develop in utopia visions and
 writings. More than ever, utopianism orientated itself to a hopeful
 reality. This thesis studies two of these utopias: Winstanley’s Law of
 Freedom and Eliot’s Christian Commonwealth. These utopian visions
 are useful in providing an insight into the political imagination of the
 English Interregnum. Written in two different hemispheres and within
 the same political and religious context – Puritanism - both utopias
 illustrate the range of the political imagination of their authors and
 provide an opportunity to examine different ways to deal with political
 and social concerns and different perspectives for ideal solutions.
 Despite the substantial differences, some degree of common ground is
 to be expected, such as the elemental hopes for change and for a
 better future and the common fear for a possible return of “kingly
 power” and for anarchy as well. Both utopias offer models of code
 laws to organize and discipline the social order through a rhetorical
 speech sanctioned by the Bible and based on their previous actions:
 The Praying Towns of Eliot and the Diggers’ community of Winstanley.
 Furthermore, by examining a common motive and the different
 methods to accomplish their utopias we provide a comparative study
 between Eliot and Winstanley, that has been missing in the history of
 utopian writers.
L’Interregnum anglais a fourni d’innombrables possibilités pour s’orienter et
 modeler le futur de la nation. Cette période se caractérise par une
 importante manifestation de l’imagination politique, qui vient déclencher de
 nombreuses productions écrites et des visions utopiques jamais dévoilées.
 Plus que jamais, à ce stade, l’utopisme se tourne vers une réalité
 prometteuse. Dans cette thèse, l’étude s’est concentrée sur deux de ces
 utopies : The Law of Freedom de Gerrard Winstanley et The Christian
 Commonwealth de John Eliot. Les visions utopiques de ces deux oeuvres
 offrent une introspection de l’imagination politique, qui s’est affirmée durant
 l’ Interregnum anglais. Écrits dans deux hémisphères différents et dans un
 même contexte politique et religieux - le Puritanisme – ces deux utopies
 démontrent le niveau de l’imagination politique de ses auteurs et offrent une
 opportunité d’évaluer différentes manières de se confronter face aux
 questions socio-politiques, ainsi que différentes perspectives de découvrir
 des solutions idéales. En dépit des différences substantielles, il est possible
 de déceler des solutions communes, telles que le désir de changement et
 d’un futur meilleur, mais aussi des craintes communes, telles que la
 réapparition du pouvoir monarchique et l’anarchie menaçante. De cette
 façon, ces deux utopies offrent un code de lois qui organise et discipline
 l’ordre social à travers d’un discours rhétorique sanctionné para les
 Écritures, chacune d’elles fondées sur le pragmatisme des expériences
 précédentes de ses auteurs : Les Praying Towns de Eliot et les
 communautés Digger de Winstanley.
 Au-delà de ça, en examinant l’objectif commun et les diverses stratégies
 afin d’atteindre ses utopies, nous réalisons une étude comparative entre
 ces deux auteurs, étude qui est en manque dans l’histoire de l’écrit
 utopique.
Date
2012-09-13
Type
doctoralThesis
Identifier
oai:repositorioaberto.uab.pt:10400.2/2163
Guimarães, Alice Manuela Martins - Discursos utópicos seiscentistas na Inglaterra e América [Em linha]. [V. Nova de Gaia] : [s.n.], 2011. 294 p.
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/2163
101244126
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