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Anencefalia e transplante de órgãos [Anencephaly and organ transplantation]

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Author(s)
Albuquerque S. de Oliveira, Aline
Keywords
Values
Anencephaly
Bioethical
Transplant of organs
GE Subjects
Methods of ethics
Bioethics
Medical ethics

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/220914
Abstract
"O transplante de órgãos em neonatos anencéfalos apresenta-se como um conflito ético. Os neonatos portadores de anencefalia são, sob o critério de morte encefálica adotado no artigo 3º da Lei nº 9.434, de 4 de fevereiro de 1997, considerados pessoas vivas, uma vez que morte encefálica implica a falência, inclusive, do tronco encefálico, o que não ocorre no caso do anencéfalo. Entretanto, a Resolução nº 1.752/04, do Conselho Federal de Medicina (CFM), estabelece a permissão para o médico realizar o transplante de órgãos ou tecidos do anencéfalo, após seu nascimento. A adoção de tal medida pelo CFM implica a morte do neonato anencéfalo praticada pelo médico, uma vez que o mesmo se encontra vivo, conforme os parâmetros legais apontados. O dilema se instaura em razão de posicionamentos éticos distintos. O CFM consolidou o entendimento daqueles que entendem serem inaplicáveis e desnecessários os critérios de morte encefálica ao neonato nessas condições, visando à realização de transplante de órgãos, ou seja, postura nitidamente utilitarista. O presente texto defende o respeito à pessoa enquanto eixo axiológico central de toda discussão bioética" ["Organ’s transplant in neonates without brain presents an ethical conflict. Neonates without encephalon are, under the criterion of brainy death adopted on article III of Law No. 9,434, February 4, 1997, considered alive, whereas brainy death implies necessarily the failure of the brainstem, what does not happen in the brainless case. Nevertheless, the Federal Medicine Council’s Resolution No. 1752/ 04 establishes an allowance so that the physician can realize the organs’ transplant and/or brainless neonate’s tissue, after her birth. The adoption of such a measure by the FMC implies the neonate’s death carried out by the doctor, since she is alive, according to the legal parameters pointed out. The dilemma begins because there are distinct ethical positions. The FMC has consolidated the understanding that the rules of brain death are not applicable and unnecessary to the neonate under such conditions, aiming at the realization of transplant of organs, i.e., posture clearly utilitarian. This text defend the respect to the person as long as central axiological axis in the whole bioethical discussion"]
Date
2005
Type
Article
Copyright/License
With permission of the license/copyright holder
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Globethics Library Submissions
Latin American Ethics

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