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Dynamics of Rural Growth in BangladeshThe rural economy in Bangladesh has been
 a powerful source of economic growth and has substantially
 reduced poverty, especially since 2000, but the remarkable
 transformation and unprecedented dynamism in rural
 Bangladesh are an underexplored, underappreciated, and
 largely untold story. The analysis identifies the key
 changes occurring in the rural economy, the principal
 drivers of rural incomes, the implications for policy, and
 related actions to foster future growth, further reduce
 poverty, and improve food security and nutrition. A
 substantial strength of this study is its empirical
 foundation, consisting of three sets of detailed data on
 rural households. Two of the datasets are unique in tracking
 the same set of households for more than two decades. These
 data make it possible to examine how change is occurring
 within and among rural households; they shed considerable
 light on trends that tend to be obscured at more aggregate
 levels of analysis. Nationally representative surveys and
 aggregate secondary data provide complementary and
 contextually rich insights into the household data.
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Botswana Poverty AssessmentLiving conditions of Botswana have improved over the past decade and poverty has reduced significantly. This decrease was accompanied by a considerable decline in both depth and severity of poverty, indicating that consumption has improved among the poor. While rural areas led the poverty reduction, the share of the poor living in urban areas has increased. Botswana’s progress toward reduction of extreme poverty and inequality was among the world’s strongest in the second half of 2000s. During this period, the economic growth has been strongly pro-poor. Botswana is one of the top performers in Africa when measured by annual consumption distribution growth for the bottom 40 percentile. However, despite these noteworthy improvements, inequality remains high. The study concludes that with adequate macro and social policies, and a strong focus on improving equity, Botswana has a historical opportunity to build on recent achievements and move towards eradicating extreme poverty within one generation. The analyses was conducted in close collaboration with the Statistics Botswana, utilizing the data generated through the nationally representative households income and expenditure surveys conducted by Statistics Botswana in 2002/2003 and 2009/2010. The report benefited greatly from the leadership by the Poverty Eradication Unit.
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Tanzania Mainland Poverty AssessmentSince the early 2000s, Tanzania has seen
 remarkable economic growth and strong resilience to external
 shocks. Yet these achievements were overshadowed by the slow
 response of poverty to the growing economy. Until 2007, the
 poverty rate in Tanzania remained stagnant at around 34
 percent despite a robust growth at an annualized rate of
 approximately 7 percent. This apparent disconnect between
 growth and poverty reduction has raised concerns among
 policy makers and researchers, leading to a consensus that
 this mismatch needed to be addressed with a sense of
 urgency. Over the past few years, the National Strategy for
 Growth and Reduction of Poverty (MKUKUTA) in Tanzania has
 given high priority to eradicating extreme poverty and
 promoting broad-based growth. Achieving pro-poor growth has
 also been widely recognized by the World Bank as a critical
 strategy for accelerating progress toward its twin goals of
 eliminating extreme poverty at the global level by 2030 and
 boosting shared prosperity by fostering income growth among
 the bottom 40 percent in every country. The official poverty
 figures announced by the government in November 2013 have
 revealed that the national strategy against poverty has
 begun to facilitate reductions. The basic needs poverty rate
 has declined from around 34 percent to 28.2 percent between
 2007 and 2012, the first significant decline in the last 20
 years. Identifying the policy mechanisms that have helped to
 increase the participation of the poor in the growth process
 and to speed pro-poor growth is therefore important for
 present and future decision-making in Tanzania on how best
 to eradicate poverty. Such task requires a rigorous analysis
 of the evolution of poverty and of the linkages between
 poverty, inequality, and economic growth. This report uses
 the availability of the new Tanzanian Household Budget
 Survey (HBS) for 2011 and 2012, as well as the new rebased
 GDP figures released in December 2014, as an opportunity to
 address these issues. More specifically, the report examines
 the recent trends in poverty and inequality and their
 determinants and explores how responsive poverty reduction
 was to economic growth and the obstacles to achieving it.