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Transforming Cities with Transit : Transit and Land-Use Integration for Sustainable Urban DevelopmentThis study explores the complex process of transit and land-use integration in rapidly growing cities in developing countries. It first identifies barriers to and opportunities for effective coordination of transit infrastructure and urban development. It then recommends a set of policies and implementation measures for overcoming these barriers and exploiting these opportunities. Well-integrated transit and land development create urban forms and spaces that reduce the need for travel by private motorized vehicles. Areas with good access to public transit and well-designed urban spaces that are walkable and bikeable become highly attractive places for people to live, work, learn, play, and interact. Such environments enhance a city's economic competitiveness, reduce local pollution and global greenhouse gas emissions, and promote inclusive development. These goals are at the heart of transit-oriented development (TOD), an urban form that is increasingly important to sustainable urban futures. This book uses a case study approach. It draws lessons from global best-case examples of transit-oriented metropolises that have direct relevance to cities in developing countries and elsewhere that are currently investing in bus rapid transit (BRT) and other high-capacity transit systems. It also reports the results of two original in-depth case studies of rapidly growing and motorizing cities that introduced extended BRT systems: Ahmedabad, India and Bogota, Colombia. Two shorter case studies enrich the understanding of factors that are critical to transforming cities with transit.
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Reducing Investment Climate Constraints to Higher Growth : Lao People's Democratic Republic Private Sector and Investment Climate AssessmentThe survey on Lao private sector and investment climate covered 303 firms in six sectors and seven provinces (Vientiane City, Oudomxay, Luang Prabang, Luangnamtha, Xayaboury, Savannakhet, and Champassack). The survey included 246 firms in manufacturing covering wood processing, construction materials, garments, textiles/handicraft, and food and beverage sectors and 57 firms in tourism covering hotels, tour operators, and travel agencies. With the exception of the garment and wood processing sectors, which traditionally have larger firms and more foreign investment, most firms in the sample were domestic small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The survey provided three types of information useful for the Investment Climate Assessment: perceptions of firms operating in Lao PDR regarding the relative importance of investment climate constraints to their businesses; quantitative data on firms' performance and productivity; and comparator country information from their ICAs, for benchmarking Lao PDR's investment climate against regional standards.
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West Bank and Gaza - Transport Sector Strategy NoteThe purpose of this Transport Sector Note (TSN) is to assist the Palestinian Authority (PA) in developing a strategy for the sector that can aid in addressing the immediate constraints and transport issues in support of the PA's effort to revive the national economy, improve mobility and reduce poverty. The TSN also aims to assist the responsible sector ministries prepare a coherent strategic framework and program for the sector. Secondary objectives are to update the Bank's knowledge of the transport sector priorities and identify priority interventions and support for the donor community s consideration. The scope of this TSN encompasses the transport infrastructure, including the road network, ports, and crossings, as well as the public transport system. After an introductory chapter, the Note includes a review of the following topics: current status of the transport sector; proposed strategic framework for development of the transport sector; and financing the proposed strategic framework.