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Exploring the Extent of Patients' Rights Observation by Health-Treatment personnel in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital of Yazd in 2011 in the opinion of InpatientsThe experiences have shown that informing the patients and engaging them in the decision-making for treatment and respecting their rights will accelerate their improvement and diminish their period of stay at the hospitals. Evidences demonstrate that despite the efforts by the physicians and other staff of the health and treatment department and notwithstanding benefiting from the resources, the extent of patients' discontent and complaints is increasing and one of its causes is the failure of physicians and nurses in establishing relations with the patients. This descriptive research was performed by a cross-sectional method in March 2011. In this study, 150 inpatients in gynecology and obstetrics, internal medicine I, internal medicine II, surgery and cancer departments of Shahid Sadoughi hospital of Yazd who had been hospitalized for more than one day were selected by the random sampling method. The results concerning the observation of each paragraph show that the personnel always observed paragraphs 1, 3 and 6 almost 50% respectively. It is interesting that paragraphs 2, 4 and 9 had not occurred for almost 60% of them and 46 patients (31.5%) reported that the paragraph 3 was rarely observed by the personnel. Generally, the most amplitude concerned the reception of honorable treatment. To sum up, considering performed explorations, the following solutions are recommended: informing the personnel of the importance of observing the patients' rights, informing the patients of their rights through the personnel and the media, planning the hospital's management in legal respect which is less observed, more cooperation of the personnel and the patients with each other, following up the breaches of patients' rights and ratification of acts for ensuring the observance of patients' rights and monitoring the enforcement of these rights to promote the patients' consent from the health-treatment services and the increase of the medical staff's attention to the observation of patients' rights.
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The necessity of developing professional codes of ethics in Reproductive Health in IranThe status of reproductive health services has depended on economic, justice and ethics issues. The sexual and reproductive health of women is often violated, not necessarily because of inadequate of medical knowledge, but rather as a result of essential infringements of women’s human rights despite of universally agreement on. Nowadays there has been increasing public concern regarding the ethical performance of health care professionals, so professional codes of ethics should provide several principles including ethical responsibility and obligation, consequences of performance, values, attitudes and cultural backgrounds in health care services. Developing and updating professional codes of ethics is a necessity and it could draw an appropriate ethical guideline in reproductive health services.
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Reproductive Health from the point of ethics and lawAll EMRO countries including Iran have adopted the concept of reproductive health as the main element of the society health. Ethical and legal topics of reproductive health in Iran are important from various aspects. Designing new care and treatment programs and methods in reproductive health area has brought new choices for women in reproductive age whether new methods of screening or diagnosis and treatments and from other hand this technology improvement has brought various ethical debates for reproductive health providers, women and society to respond it. In this regard, a review with the purpose of study of reproductive health from ethic and law point of view was established which in this review by researching in SID, IRAN DOC, PUBMED, CINAHL websites from1990 to 2012 and by using keywords from reproductive health, ethics, law key words, 40 assays were retrieved and reviewed.in general it seems that despite the valuable historic and Islamic grounds in law and medical ethics in Iran, more efforts is needed. Paying more attention to legal and ethical debates in offering reproductive health services In Iran can improve the quality of the services and along with providing the satisfaction of patients and their approved rights, it will be helpful for service providers to offer their services in a systematic ethical and legal framework.