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Sustainable Energy in China : The Closing Window of OpportunityThis report proposes the development of a coordinated and comprehensive national policy within the Energy Law that is presently under preparation based on four foundational themes: reducing energy growth below economic growth, making better use of national energy resources, safeguarding the environment, and making the energy system robust to withstand potential disruptions. It stresses that the policy measures and program to achieve sustainability will have to be the subject of careful consultation within government and extend to mobilizing China's civil society. The scope of and potential for fruitful international cooperation is also explored, but the detail must be worked out in a cooperative framework. The main body of the report is arranged in six chapters. The first examines what the projections say about the future of China's energy consumption and concludes that urgent action is needed to avoid locking the country into an unsustainable energy development path. Chapter two evaluates end-use efficiency and finds that a less energy-intensive path can be founded on the most advanced technologies. The third chapter examines the damaging environmental impacts of the huge prospective energy growth, which dictate the need for a less-intensive path, a larger share of clean energy sources, and dramatically more clean coal. Chapter four assesses security of energy supply and proposes means to improve it and ensure the safety of national energy supply sources and networks. The fifth chapter emphasizes getting right the pricing fundamentals of the sector. The last chapter draws conclusions from the first five on matters requiring urgent policy attention and proposes development of a coordinated and comprehensive national policy for energy sustainability.
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Sustainable Energy for All 2013-2014 : Global Tracking FrameworkIn declaring 2012 the international year
 of sustainable energy for all, the United Nations (UN)
 general assembly (2011) established at the personal
 initiative of the UN secretary general- three global
 objectives to be accomplished by 2030. Those goals are to
 ensure universal access to modern energy services (including
 electricity and clean, modern cooking solutions), to double
 the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency, and to
 double the share of renewable energy in the global energy
 mix. Some 70 countries have formally embraced the
 Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) initiative, while
 numerous corporations and agencies have pledged tens of
 billions of dollars to achieve its objectives. As 2012 drew
 to a close, the UN general assembly announced a decade of
 sustainable energy for all stretching from 2014 to 2024.
 Sustaining momentum for the achievement of the SE4ALL
 objectives will require a means of charting global progress
 over the years leading to 2030. Construction of the
 necessary framework has been coordinated by the World Bank
 and Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) and
 the International Energy Agency (IEA), in collaboration with
 13 other agencies. The process has benefited from public
 consultation with more than a hundred stakeholder groups.
 This report provides an initial system for regular global
 reporting based on indicators that are both technically
 rigorous and feasible to compute from current global energy
 databases, and that offer scope for progressive improvement
 over time.
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Global Tracking FrameworkIn declaring 2012 the international year of sustainable energy for all, the United Nations (UN) general assembly (2011) established at the personal initiative of the UN secretary general- three global objectives to be accomplished by 2030. Those goals are to ensure universal access to modern energy services (including electricity and clean, modern cooking solutions), to double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency, and to double the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix. Some 70 countries have formally embraced the Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) initiative, while numerous corporations and agencies have pledged tens of billions of dollars to achieve its objectives. As 2012 drew to a close, the UN general assembly announced a decade of sustainable energy for all stretching from 2014 to 2024. Sustaining momentum for the achievement of the SE4ALL objectives will require a means of charting global progress over the years leading to 2030. Construction of the necessary framework has been coordinated by the World Bank and Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) and the International Energy Agency (IEA), in collaboration with 13 other agencies. The process has benefited from public consultation with more than a hundred stakeholder groups. This report provides an initial system for regular global reporting based on indicators that are both technically rigorous and feasible to compute from current global energy databases, and that offer scope for progressive improvement over time.