RSS 1.0Business Ethics
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The Collection "Business Ethics" contains resources about major themes in Business and Economic Ethics.
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Comparing Green Economy in Iran with OECD Asian Countries by Applying TOPSIS and GI MethodIn this study, we tried to calculate Iran’s green growth index and compare it with four selected OECD countries in the continent of Asia, Turkey, Japan, Korea, and Israel in 2015 by applying the Green Index, and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution. Our research provides a new methodology to rank different countries based on green growth indicators. Applying both methods, Iran ranked fourth among the selected countries. Iran, in comparison to Turkey, Japan, and Korea, is behind in developing sustainability and green economy indices.
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The waste management sector of HungaryNowadays, the waste management sector faces a number of challenges. Changes in consumer habits generate huge amounts of industrial and household waste. Today’s trends, which involve a higher use of critical raw materials, such as in the manufacture of batteries and solar cells, make it urgent to extract valuable raw materials from waste. The waste sector as a whole, taking into consideration all levels of the waste hierarchy (prevention, reuse, recycling, energy recovery, landfilling), is a significant branch of the national economy, both in terms of employment and income-generating capacity. In addition, the sector can be considered a major intermediary in industrial value chains as it contributes to the generation of secondary raw materials that can be sold to industries and thus help to achieve a circular economy through the collection, treatment and processing of waste.
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Comparing Green Economy in Iran with OECD Asian Countries by Applying TOPSIS and GI MethodIn this study, we tried to calculate Iran’s green growth index and compare it with four selected OECD countries in the continent of Asia, Turkey, Japan, Korea, and Israel in 2015 by applying the Green Index, and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution. Our research provides a new methodology to rank different countries based on green growth indicators. Applying both methods, Iran ranked fourth among the selected countries. Iran, in comparison to Turkey, Japan, and Korea, is behind in developing sustainability and green economy indices.
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Green Economy Sustainability in the UAE and Agrarian LeadershipRecently, green economy sustainability has become one of the major studies for science. In particular, developing countries need more infrastructure and technologies in order to improve their green economy. This article attempts to demonstrate a way of the implementing the green economy sustainability concept in the United Arab Emirates through improvement of the green economy based on new technologies, innovations and agrarian leadership.
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Drivers and initial pattern for corporate social innovation: From responsibility to sustainabilityThe Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry released the latest regulation regarding the environmental business rating assessment mechanism in 2021, Proper, which was participated by 2593 companies by adding a new assessment to the element of community empowerment, namely Corporate Social Innovation (CSI). To that end, identifying the institutional approach as the drivers and patterns for corporate social innovation in Gold Proper industries by taking into account the challenges and opportunities faced by the community so that responsibility is transformed into sustainability is essential. This research uses Petrokimia Gresik Ltd (PTPG) and Bukit Asam Pelabuhan Tarahan Ltd (PTBA) as case studies through explanation building. This study finds that the Proper program acts as an essential driver of CSI in Indonesia and is a good lesson learned that drives the transformation of CSR into CSI. However, the application of CSI in companies has not been ideal considering the timing of the enactment of regulations that are still new. The Gold Proper rating industries only rely on adaptation to regional social and economic issues, do not match the company's core competencies, and do not yet have a clear pattern. In addition, the company has not made CSR activities a strategic step and tends to only try to match it with the core capabilities of the company's activities. This study recommends companies develop CSR activities that will be proposed as CSI in a strategic form and provide direct benefits for the community and the company with a direct and comprehensive measure.
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Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on the Effectiveness of Companies' Business ActivitiesBackground: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has a great influence on the sustainability of company development, so it can be considered a business model for business effectiveness. Objective: The objective of the research is to determine the mutual influence of real-estate companies’ activities and CSR effectiveness in different countries. This study examines indicators for assessing companies’ financial stability, CSR, and working capital management's influence on the activity effectiveness of real-estate companies. Methods/Analysis: Questionnaires, the principal component method, the Sobel test, and linear regression analysis are used to evaluate the relationship between CSR and the business performance of autocratic management-style companies. The authors’ algorithm for assessing a company’s financial stability, CSR, and capital management, which affect the efficiency of companies, is proposed. Findings: Empirical analysis has shown that management has no mediating effect on CSR and enterprise performance relationships for companies with high financial stability and working capital, though it has a stimulating effect for low financial stability companies. CSR and business performance have positive relationships in companies, but despite financial stability growing, the autocratic leadership style reduces interest in CSR development. This paper conceptualizes the impacts of CSR on the effectiveness of companies. Novelty: The novelty of this study is to create theoretical and practical provisions aimed at laws and regulations. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-03-08 Full Text: PDF
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POSSIBLE INCENTIVES FOR COOPERATION BETWEEN BIG BUSINESS AND SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSThe article discusses the expediency of a rating assessment that takes into account the cooperation of large companies operating in Russia with social entrepreneurs. The current situation in Russia demonstrates the lack of the cooperation and the great need for the support of social enterprises from big business. Purpose. Determine the possibility of big businesses and social entrepreneur’s cooperation in ratings. Results. Analysis of the methodology of the most reputable organizations/rating agencies (assessing big businesses) operating in Russia shows that the goals of rating agencies are related to identifying the best charitable programs, best practices of corporate social policy of companies, and their social orientation, the best managers of large companies in the field of corporate social responsibility and informing the public about the activities of companies. Conclusions. The analysis of the methodology also showed that there are nominations and indicators that could take into account the interaction of companies with social entrepreneurs. In particular, sustainable development, corporate social responsibility of the company, including charitable activities and activities to preserve environmental well-being can be assessed taking into account interaction with social enterprises. Social entrepreneurs can offer their cooperation to big business in the implementation of social projects from which big business, social enterprises and society can benefit. Big business could play the role of supporting social entrepreneurship, participating in the development of social business and creation of new jobs in the region.
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LOGISTICAL SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CIRCULAR ECONOMYThe aggravation of ecological problems at the global level, as well as the need to solve the economic and social problems of humanity, require the implementation of important economic transformation measures. The circular economy (or closed-loop economy) is a form of production organization related to extending the life cycle of products and minimizing harmful disposal and waste. It is also about sharing, renting, reusing, repairing, refurbishing and recycling existing materials and products as much as possible. As with any type of economic model, the functioning of the circular economy requires a corresponding logistics system. In this context, together with the acceptance of the concept of ecological efficiency and "green" economy in many countries, the new approach of "green logistics" has emerged in international practice. The purpose of this article is to generalize theoretical approaches and to substantiate the conceptual provisions of logistical support for the development of the circular economy in the conditions of global transformations. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is the scientific work of scientists on the problems of green economy, circular economy, environmental management, waste management, logistics management. The research was conducted using general scientific methods: analysis and synthesis - to summarize the existing conceptual approaches and regulations, scientific developments on the development of the circular economy, greening of logistics systems, green logistics, clarification of terminology; classifications - to systematize theoretical approaches to the definition of "green logistics" proposed by various scientific schools; structural and logical generalization - to determine the key logistics approaches to the development of the circular economy and the principles of green logistics for the implementation of circular business models. Results. In order to present the specific aspects of circular economy logistics, the opinions of researchers from different countries were studied to outline a related synthetic vision. After conducting the study, the current characteristics of the circular economy were identified. Then the current international trends in logistics development were identified. An important trend is the development of "green" logistics. It has been found that many conceptual approaches to the definition of the terms "green" logistics and environmental logistics are generally accepted and have a broader meaning, without taking into account the specifics of the functioning of different areas of economic activity, including the transport sector and logistics activities. Scientific views on the interpretation of the nature and content of the concept of "green" logistics are generalized. It is proposed to consider the concept of "green" logistics as a tool of circular economy. It offers companies a number of advantages and is based on certain principles. As a synergy effect, the massive implementation of the circular economy and green logistics can significantly contribute to solving the socio-economic problems of humanity. Practical implications. The practical significance of this study lies in the fact that the conceptual provisions can be used in practice when developing an organizational and economic mechanism for implementing the concept of green logistics. This mechanism should include such blocks as: management of supplies and purchases of material resources; production of products; warehousing and inventories; logistics flows; risks of logistics activities; logistics service processes; waste recycling; innovation and change. The introduction of the proposed organizational and economic mechanism will reduce the cost of managing the movement of logistics flows and increase the level of environmental safety. This is one of the most important requirements for the implementation of the concept of corporate social responsibility of business in a circular economy. Value/originality. The authors' approach to formulating the category "green logistics" is theoretically substantiated.
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Fair trade governance: revisiting a framework to analyse challenges and opportunities for sustainable development towards a green economyAs a relatively new form of non-state governance, the fair trade movement presents an opportunity to promote sustainable production and consumption and hence social change. Global market demands and consumer engagement denote changes in social practices that have led governments to share decision-making processes with private sector and non-governmental organisations. In this context of change, it is important to consider not only whether new forms of governance weaken or strengthen states’ authority within the marketplace but also the extent to which they may allow for “green washing” instead of the green economy proposed by the United Nations Environmental Program. This study considers the fair trade of food production and consumption as a potential innovative model. In doing so it examines the existing general literature on governance, which highlights that decision-making processes tend to reproduce top-down approaches. While such practices may reproduce conventional hierarchies, it is worth questioning the potential of new forms of governance within global markets. This article builds on a sustainability governance analytical framework to deepen understandings of fair trade governance and its possible responses to the dilemmas of food production for ethical consumption and thus sustainable development in transnational relations. This research aims to contribute to the literature on improving compliance with global sustainability standards and through this, inform practices that allow for cooperation towards a green economy.
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Living the good life: core values, system design and functional resilienceNo description available
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Tasmania as the new food bowlNo description available
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Evaluating the role of informal waste sector in municipal solid waste management in Vhembe District Municipality, Limpopo Province, South AfricaText in English with summaries and keywords in English, Tsonga and Zulu
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Evaluating the role of informal waste sector in municipal solid waste management in Vhembe District Municipality, Limpopo Province, South AfricaTo date, solid waste managers are still dwarfed by the growing challenge of delivering 
 municipal solid waste management service to the public. This is because of the growing 
 rate of waste generation resulting from urbanisation, rapid population growth and world 
 economic development. Currently, the world generates over 3.6 million tons of waste daily 
 and at this rate, within the next 3 years, it is expected to rise to a booming 6 million tons 
 per day. Municipalities in South Africa still use landfilling as a disposal method for solid 
 waste management, and significant consequences such as soil contamination and 
 underground water contamination are inevitable, ultimately threatening human health. 
 Unemployed, poor individuals and side-lined groups, who constitute the informal waste 
 sector, play very critical role of roaming around cities, towns and disposal sites recovering 
 valuable waste materials as a survival strategy. Although to the informal waste sector,
 valuable waste recovery is a means of living, that is, to earn money, they are critical role 
 players in the world’s goal of moving towards a circular economy. While the municipality 
 chooses to bury waste, this sector chooses to refer it back to the economy, which leads 
 to zero waste in landfills and protects the health of the environment. 
 This study was conducted using a mixed methods research design. The study was 
 conducted in Vhembe District Municipality following a convenience sampling method. A 
 sample consisting of 80 waste pickers, 4 waste managers and 10 buyback centre 
 directors participated through closed-ended questionnaires, face-to-face interviews and 
 online surveys. Data collected through questionnaires was analysed using SPSS version 
 25.0, and data collected through structured interviews was analysed following the eight 
 data analysis steps proposed by Tesch. 
 The results of this study indicate that the informal waste sector in Vhembe District is a black-dominated industry, with females being the most dominant and those involved 
 having no formal education except for a few graduates who simply saw a business 
 opportunity. Little recognition is given to the informal waste sector by authorities and 
 policy makers. Society undermines and rejects this sector. Furthermore, they are exploited, abused and associated with waste by the public. This limits their activities, but 
 they play a significant part in creating jobs, saving municipalities millions in collection and 
 disposal costs and ensuring a healthy living by sustainably conserving the environment 
 indirectly.
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Ključne komponente društveno odgovornog poslovanja u kozmetičkoj industriji : Diplomski radNovi uvjeti na globalnom tržištu zahtijevaju uvažavanje različitosti, prilagodbu i primjenu poslovnih praksi kojima će istodobno ostvariti profit i smanjiti negativne utjecaje na okoliš i društvo. Sve je više lidera i menadžera koji shvaćaju da uspjeh temeljen isključivo na stjecanju dobiti ne može više biti osnovni cilj poslovanja. Iako je profit sasvim legitimna i važna svrha poslovanja poduzeća, potrošači i društvo sve više zahtijevaju da profit ne bude cilj kojim će se opravdavati sva sredstva za njegovo postizanje. Profit je važan, ali dokle god se stječe na društveno prihvatljiv i odgovoran način. Iz tih razloga, porastao je broj poduzeća, u gotovo svim industrijama, koja u svoje strategije implementiraju društvenu odgovornost kao važnu komponentu poslovanja. Kozmetičku industriju kao značajni dio svjetske industrije obilježava velika konkurencija, stalni rast novih kozmetičkih proizvoda, povećana ulaganja i prilagodba ekološki osviještenim kupcima koji sve više koriste proizvode s minimalnim utjecajem na zagađenje okoliša. Društveno odgovorno poslovanje (DOP) u kozmetičkoj industriji ima značajnu ulogu jer potrošači koriste kozmetičke proizvode koje ne predstavljaju samo stil života, nego utječu i na njihovo zdravlje. DOP u kozmetičkoj industriji odnosi se na primjenu strategija poslovanja koji vode brigu o prirodnim resursima, razvoju novih tehnologija, zabrani testiranja na životinjama, recikliranju, pomaganju društvenoj zajednici, smanjenju zagađenja i stvaranju proizvoda koji će zadovoljiti sve zahtjevnije i osvještenije potrošače. DOP stvara niz prednosti koje izdvajaju poduzeće od ostalih u istoj djelatnosti i daju mu veću prepoznatljivost i konkurentnost. U diplomskom radu analizirat će se društveno odgovorno poslovanje i ključne komponente u kozmetičkoj industriji te primjena poslovnih aktivnosti na primjerima odabranih poduzeća u praksi. Odabrana poduzeća su Henkel, Procter&Gamble (P&G) i Lush Cosmetics, a u svrhu istraživanja analizirane su njihove strategije o održivosti prema službenim web stranicama odabranih poduzeća. Također, provest će se empirijsko istraživanje o percepciji građana o društveno odgovornom poslovanju poduzeća u kozmetičkoj industriji. Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi kako građani percipiraju pojam društveno odgovornog poslovanja, koji je po njihovom mišljenju najvažniji kriterij koji bi društveno odgovorna poduzeća trebala ispunjavati te vjeruju li da odabrana poduzeća u kozmetičkoj industriji zaista prakticiraju DOP.
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'Can Design Save the World?' Panel Discussion Hosted by ABC Radio HobartAN EXPLORATION OF OUR FUTURE: Bio-concrete, salvaged timber, leather made from fruit peels: the design world is turning its eyes to sustainable and salvaged material use. In parallel, the burgeoning circular economy movement urges industry to eliminate waste, keep products and materials in use, and regenerate natural systems. Can clever, thoughtful, deliberate designing and making change our future in a resource-depleted world? And what does this look like today in Tasmania?
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La responsabilidad social empresarial como estrategia organizacional: un análisis empírico para la región oriente del Estado de MéxicoSe muestra que las áreas prioritarias de responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) en las empresas de la región oriente del Estado de México coinciden con su estrategia de negocios. La información obtenida (encuesta) se analiza mediante correlación canónica no lineal (OVERALS). El estudio se circunscribe a un conjunto de empresas de la región oriente del Estado de México que, sin ser una muestra representativa, resulta significativa para el propósito del artículo. El trabajo es novedoso en el análisis de las empresas de esta región, así como en el método utilizado para el tratamiento estadístico de los datos. El hallazgo central implica que la RSE se utiliza por las empresas de la región como una estrategia de sus modelos de negocios.
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Towards AI ethics’ institutionalization : knowledge bridges from business ethics to advance organizational AI ethicsThis paper proposes to generate awareness for developing Artificial intelligence (AI) ethics by transferring knowledge from other fields of applied ethics, particularly from business ethics, stressing the role of organizations and processes of institutionalization. With the rapid development of AI systems in recent years, a new and thriving discourse on AI ethics has (re-)emerged, dealing primarily with ethical concepts, theories, and application contexts. We argue that business ethics insights may generate positive knowledge spillovers for AI ethics, given that debates on ethical and social responsibilities have been adopted as voluntary or mandatory regulations for organizations in both national and transnational contexts. Thus, business ethics may transfer knowledge from five core topics and concepts researched and institutionalized to AI ethics: (1) stakeholder management, (2) standardized reporting, (3) corporate governance and regulation, (4) curriculum accreditation, and as a unified topic (5) AI ethics washing derived from greenwashing. In outlining each of these five knowledge bridges, we illustrate current challenges in AI ethics and potential insights from business ethics that may advance the current debate. At the same time, we hold that business ethics can learn from AI ethics in catching up with the digital transformation, allowing for cross-fertilization between the two fields. Future debates in both disciplines of applied ethics may benefit from dialog and cross-fertilization, meant to strengthen the ethical depth and prevent ethics washing or, even worse, ethics bashing.
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SDGs in Construction Economics and Organization:The 11th Nordic Conference on Construction Economics and Organisation (CREON), May 18-20, 2022This book examines how research in construction economics and organization contributes to the achievement of the SDGs. Featuring selected contributions from the 11th Nordic Conference on Construction Economics and Organisation (CREON 2022) held in Copenhagen, Demark and Malmö, Sweden, the contributions of this book explore the ways in which research in construction economics and organization assists in building resilient infrastructure, fostering green innovations and contributes to sustainable economic growth. Each contribution relates to one or more individual SDG and describes how the research contributes to the understanding of construction management and economics.
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A Focus on Ethical Value under the Vision of Leadership, Teamwork, Effective Communication and ProductivityThe new economy and the knowledge-based society brought significant changes in all the areas of our daily lives. Also, the COVID-19 pandemic and the COVID-19 crisis implicated tremendous transformations in all the domains, on the one hand, threatening the balance of our society and, on the other hand, challenging the dynamic of the new economy development and the rhythm of the societal modernization. In these delicate times, the all-important relationship between ethics, leadership, teamwork, effective communication, productivity, and performance is brought to the attention, in particular, due to its benefits for our society, taking into consideration the pivotal advancement that a well governed relationship of this type could provide to the knowledge-based economy. The present research describes the implication of ethics in leadership, teamwork, effective communication, and productivity, which includes the application of ethical values as university graduates assume the role of each of the mentioned dimensions of study in the organizations. The absence of research that relates ethics to these four elements simultaneously was noticed. This information is essential to know how these dimensions influence the organizational level. The sample that included 410 university graduates was applied in Baja California, Mexico, and the industrial nucleus of great relevance, bordering California in the United States of America. The data was obtained using a questionnaire. A reliability and validity analysis of the measurement instrument was carried out in terms of the ethical values associated with the dimensions mentioned using the exploratory factor analysis by the principal components method. Qualitative items were also analyzed using the constant comparison method. The results obtained in this research provide a greater perspective and practical knowledge and support of usefulness and practical reality to businesspeople and employees, leaders and university graduates; and also extensive to students, teachers, and human beings in general, in order to be better prepared to give and apply solutions with their consequent ethical and productive achievements desired by all. Additionally, this current research has the purpose to raise the will to understand, at a higher level and at a more in-depth degree of knowledge, the relationship between ethics, leadership, teamwork, effective communication, productivity, and performance, in the attempt to foster a creative and innovative business environment, based on a robust and sustainable business administration and business competencies, capable to position at higher ranks the strengths, opportunities, aspirations and outcomes that today's new economy is due to offer and diminish the dangerous effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the COVID-19 crisis in all the domains.