Keywords
PhilosophyEthics Committees, Research
Uncertainty
Physicians
Patient Selection
Randomized Controlled Trials
Humans
Dissent and Disputes
Bioethics and Medical Ethics
Ethics, Medical
Placebos
Ethics, Research
Research Ethics
Physician-Patient Relations
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Ethics Committees
Research Design
Full record
Show full item recordOnline Access
http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/philosophypub/173Abstract
When may a physician legitimately offer enrollment in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) to her patient? Two answers to this question have had a profound impact on the research ethics literature. Equipoise, as originated by Charles Fried, which we term Fried's equipoise (FE), stipulates that a physician may offer trial enrollment to her patient only when the physician is genuinely uncertain as to the preferred treatment. Clinical equipoise (CE), originated by Benjamin Freedman, requires that there exist a state of honest, professional disagreement in the community of expert practitioners as to the preferred treatment. FE and CE are widely understood as competing concepts. We argue that FE and CE offer separable and, in themselves, incomplete justifications for the conduct of clinical trials. FE articulates conditions under which the fiduciary duties of physician to patient may be upheld in the conduct of research. CE sets out a standard for the social approval of research by institutional review boards. Viewed this way, FE and CE are not necessarily competing notions, but rather address complementary moral concerns.Date
2003-06-01Type
textIdentifier
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:philosophypub-1175http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/philosophypub/173
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und BibliothekareFerus, A. (Andreas) (Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare, 2014-03)Heft 1 des 67. Jahrgangs (2014) der Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare
-
Ethical Issues in the Big Data IndustryMartin, Kirsten E (AIS Electronic Library (AISeL), 2015-05-28)Big Data combines information from diverse sources to create knowledge, make better predictions and tailor services. This article analyzes Big Data as an industry, not a technology, and identifies the ethical issues it faces. These issues arise from reselling consumers' data to the secondary market for Big Data. Remedies for the issues are proposed, with the goal of fostering a sustainable Big Data Industry.Click here for podcast summary (mp3)Click here for free 2-page executive summary (pdf)Click here for free presentation slides (pptx)
-
But What IS the 'Right Thing'?: Ethics and Information Systems in the Corporate DomainSmith, H. Jeff (AIS Electronic Library (AISeL), 2008-02-08)Information systems executives, and other executives, are often prodded to "do the right thing" when they face ethical quandaries. But how do they determine what is "right" ethically, especially when the ethical quandaries occur in the corporate domain? Some individuals rely solely on their own emotions, but they often have a hard time convincing rational thinkers to embrace their position. Other individuals rely on traditional philosophical theories, but this approach is seldom optimal in the corporate domain because the traditional philosophical theories do not specifically address the corporate setting. However, two theories do address ethical quandaries in the private sector: stockholder theory and stakeholder theory. This article discusses these two theories. Stockholder theory holds that executives should resolve ethical quandaries by taking actions that maximize the long-term profits to stockholders without violating the law or engaging in fraud or deception. Stakeholder theory claims that executives should resolve ethical quandaries by balancing stakeholder interests without violating the rights of any stakeholder. These theories are explored by first applying them to a specific real-world quandary: Blockbuster Video's reported plans to market its customer lists. Then the theories are applied to several other current quandaries. Finally, the article explores action steps for applying each theory.