RSS 1.0Chinese Ethics / 中文伦理
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This is an online collection of more than 8'000 documents on ethics in the Chinese context, for a large part in Chinese. Originally the collection was developped on the basis of documents written in or translated into Chinese. As first effort, documents were uploaded by Globethics in Hong Kong and Beijing, and collected by experts, including through the Globethics China regional programme at the Center for International Business Ethics in Beijing. Since 2018, the collection includes harvested documents on chinese ethics, including latest research done on that subject. Topics covered in the collection include bioethics, community ethics, cultural ethics, economic ethics, and environmental ethics, among other subjects.
Recent Submissions
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Ethical Dilemmas in the Dermatology Outpatient Department in ChinaSisi Wang,1– 3 Jinghui Song1– 3 1Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, People’s Republic of China; 2Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, People’s Republic of China; 3Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Sisi Wang, Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, No. 7 of WeiWu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 0371 6589 7690, Fax +86 0371 65964376, Email wang_ssi@yeah.netBackground: Recently, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remain a sensitive issue within generally healthy environments. Different countries have developed various principle-based approaches to tackle the ethical issues surrounding STDs. Due to lacking any relevant laws or code of conducts to deal with the ethical issue, it has become a notable ethical problem in China.Objective: Ethical principles involve a sensitive clinical problem, this paper intends to reflect upon and discuss how nurses as moral agents deal with ethical dilemmas within Chinese culture and provided some orientations for further study.Methods: This paper briefly presented the nurses’ ethical dilemma related to the issue of confidentiality and disclosure of STD patients’ information via a case scenario. Based on Chinese cultural tradition, we focused on how to solve this situation as a clinical nurse with ethical principles and philosophical theories. The process of discussion provided eight steps by the Corey et al model to solve the ethical dilemma.Conclusion: The ability to deal with ethical dilemmas is a necessary quality for nurses. On the one hand, nurses should respect patients’ autonomy and contribute positively to the relationship between confidentiality and the nurse-patient therapeutic relationship. On the other hand, nurses should combine with the current situation and make a targeted decision where necessary. Of course, professional code supported by related policies is necessary.Keywords: ethics, sexually transmitted diseases, Chinese culture, utilitarianism, deontology
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Kiniškos psichosomatinės saviugdos praktikos Vakaruose ir Lietuvoje : modernizuotos formos ir iššūkiai vakarietiškajai kūno kultūraiStraipsnyje aptariama kinų psichosomatinės saviugdos praktikų įtaka ir iššūkiai dabartinei vakarietiškajai kūno kultūrai ir asmeninei saviugdai, jos sampratų bei idėjų sklaida Vakaruose ir Lietuvoje. Pirmiausia bus apžvelgiama saviugdos samprata tradicinėje kinų kultūroje, jos santykis su daoizmu ir kinų medicina, taip pat pokyčiai XX-XXI a. Kinijoje, siekiant išsiaiškinti, kaip juos veikia kultūros modernizacija ir globalizacija. Taip pat nagrinėjamos šiandien Lietuvoje ir Vakaruose aktualiausios bei populiariausios kinų psichosomatinės saviugdos formos – kovos menų, qigong ir kitos energetinio kūno lavinimo praktikos, idėjų apie saviugdos taikymą kasdieniame gyvenime sklaida, išskiriami tokių praktikų akcentai Lietuvoje. Atkreipiamas dėmesys, kad receptuojant šias praktikas, dažnai praleidžiamas pro akis vienas svarbus jų aspektas – moralė, be kurios Kinijoje nebuvo įsivaizduojamas joks visavertis tobulėjimas ir kūno ugdymas
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"Bu daode" elgesys Kinijoje ir Vakaruose. Kaip išvengti asimetriškumo tarpkultūrinėje normų psichologijojeStraipsnyje kritikuojama anglakalbėje lyginamojoje moralės filosofijoje ir psichologijoje labai paplitusi praktika anglišką moral ir kinišką daode 道德 terminus bei jų vedinius traktuoti kaip lygiareikšmius. Straipsnyje teigiama, jog esama pakankamai empirinių tyrimų, įrodančių, kad, nepaisant reikšmingų panašumų, normatyvinės sritys, kurios Kinijoje ir Vakaruose atitinkamai įvardijamos kaip daode ir morality, yra netapačios. Visgi į skirtumus atsižvelgiama nepakankamai, ir šiuolaikinėse tarpkultūrinėse studijose įsitvirtina asimetriško lyginimo praktikos, kai lyginimai bene išimtinai atliekami tik iš Vakarų kultūrų perspektyvos. Norint tokio asimetriškumo išvengti, siūloma atlikti daugiau empirinių tyrimų, susijusių su skirtingų kultūrų kasdienės kalbos vartosenose atsispindinčiomis įvairių normų skyrimo ir klasifikavimo strategijomis. Tikimasi, kad tokių tyrimų duomenys leistų pakoreguoti esamus teorinius moralės filosofijos ir moralės psichologijos modelius, kad jie tinkamiau atspindėtų skirtingų kultūrų žmonių normatyvines intuicijas.
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Public concern for animal welfare and its correlation with ethical ideologies after coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in ChinaThe outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) represents a major public health challenge and a serious threat to sustainable social development. A consideration of animal welfare is clearly justified, given the potential contribution of animals to the spread of the disease.The present study, therefore, sought to investigate the concern the Chinese people have for animal welfare (PCAW) and how their 'ethical ideology' (idealism and relativism) determines PCAW after COVID-19, through comparison with the same study, carried out in China in 2015. Our results demonstrated a significant improvement in Chinese PCAW after COVID-19.The adverse impact of COVID-19 may have resulted in a lowered idealism score and this decreased score served to neutralise significant correlations between idealism and PCAW, compared to the 2015 results. The global pandemic did not increase people's relativism score and a significant correlation was found between relativism and PCAW. Gender, age, educational level, public perception of animals after COVID-19, zoo and aquarium visiting were all shown to be predictor variables for PCAW. This study is one of the first to investigate Chinese PCAW after COVID-19 and can therefore provide knowledge that will potentially increase Chinese PCAW.
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Public concern for animal welfare and its correlation with ethical ideologies after coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in ChinaThe outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) represents a major public health challenge and a serious threat to sustainable social development. A consideration of animal welfare is clearly justified, given the potential contribution of animals to the spread of the disease.The present study, therefore, sought to investigate the concern the Chinese people have for animal welfare (PCAW) and how their 'ethical ideology' (idealism and relativism) determines PCAW after COVID-19, through comparison with the same study, carried out in China in 2015. Our results demonstrated a significant improvement in Chinese PCAW after COVID-19.The adverse impact of COVID-19 may have resulted in a lowered idealism score and this decreased score served to neutralise significant correlations between idealism and PCAW, compared to the 2015 results. The global pandemic did not increase people's relativism score and a significant correlation was found between relativism and PCAW. Gender, age, educational level, public perception of animals after COVID-19, zoo and aquarium visiting were all shown to be predictor variables for PCAW. This study is one of the first to investigate Chinese PCAW after COVID-19 and can therefore provide knowledge that will potentially increase Chinese PCAW.
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Daoistični ekohumanizem in pristnost naravnega življenja onkraj deontološke etikeV zadnjem času se veliko del posveča znanstvenemu razumevanju in interpretacijam kompleksnosti daoistične tradicije. Sem sodi tudi kritično raziskovanje njenega prispevka k aktualnim okoljskim vprašanjem. Avtorica v tem prispevku razmišlja o presečišču daoističnega humanizma in ekologije ter izpostavi teoretske in zgodovinske implikacije, povezane z daoističnim pristopom do okolja. Ta izhodišča nam lahko veliko povedo o tem, kako se daoistično filozofsko razmišljanje lahko uspešno povezuje s humanizmom ter z vedami o ekologiji in okolju. Članek prikazuje možnost alternativnega pogleda na svet, ki nam lahko pomaga, da v svojem omejenem času in prostoru vendarle najdemo možnost živeti nekakšen trajnostni in hkrati tukaj-in-zdajšnji trenutek. Avtorica pri tem izhaja iz nekaterih ključnih vprašanj, ki jih najdemo v klasičnih besedilih. S svojimi analizami razmišlja o morebitni uporabnosti klasične daoistične misli in prakse na Kitajskem in Zahodu tako glede na sodobno ekološko krizo kot tudi glede na vlogo in položaj človeka znotraj narave in družbe.
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La retórica china: Historia y cultura.Due to the linguistic and cultural barrier, Chinese rhetoric remains the great unknown inee the international panorama of rhetorical studies, especially in the Spanish-speaking world. The present work has the objective of: 1) making a brief review of the historical evolution of rhetoric in China and a reflection on its traditional lack of disciplinary independence; and 2) exploring some aspects of Chinese rhetoric where cultural incidence is most clearly observed.
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The basic thoughts of Confucius; the conduct of life"The 'Great principle' of Confucius. By Dr. Chen Huan Chang": pages 299-305
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L’intelligenza artificiale tra sperimentazioni normative e limiti etici nel mercato globaleIl presente contributo* illustra a grandi linee le ultime novità sulla regolamentazione dell’uso dell’intelligenza artificiale in diversi ordinamenti giuridici, soffermandosi sulle sperimentazioni normative e sui limiti etici nell’U- nione Europea e nella Repubblica Popolare cinese, con uno sguardo rivolto agli Stati Uniti d’America. In tale quadro saranno individuate le strategie di governance proposte dalle predette istituzioni, cogliendone le best practice e le criticità, al fine di riflettere sugli elementi che potrebbero caratterizzare vari sistemi giuridici per una buona società di intelligenza artificiale nel mercato globale.
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Mexica Monism and Daoist Ethics in the Philosophy of Gloria AnzaldúaCritical scholarship regarding the philosophy of Gloria Anzaldúa has proliferated in recent decades, especially in the fields of feminist theory, phenomenology, and epistemology. However, there is little analysis of the metaphysics which undergird their work and make possible their views on identity, experience, and community politics. First, this article will explore the significance of Anzaldúa’s ‘nos/otras’ and its relation to Mexica (Aztec) monistic metaphysics. Such a concept resists an us/them construction of the world because it situates the other as us: the Spanish word for ‘we’ is ‘nosotros’ and holds the ‘other/otros’ as its root, which Anzaldúa feminizes to ‘otras’. Second, we will compare Daoist and Mexica metaphysics, two monist systems, and unpack the moral implications for spirituality. Doing so, we will see that according to Anzaldúa’s monistic view, we are affected by each other’s spirit and have an obligation to be spiritually active in the world. This claim is found throughout Anzaldúa’s philosophy and is the key to understanding the spiritual implications of her work. Lastly, we will apply such a view to sexual trauma and see that Anzalduan metaphysics lays out a path of recovery. If sexual violence is the severing of trust with others, then Anzaldúa’s understanding of how the world is constructed gives us a way to re-establish trust with ourselves, each other, and our communities.
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《莊子》的理想世界: 自由主義、國家完善論之間另一進路M.Phil.
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《孟子》的直覺主義詮釋M.Phil.
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Back to the land : a sociology of the market spaces of agroecology in ChinaMy doctoral research studies movements to promote a social agroecology in contemporary China. Since the mid-2000s, the agri-food context in China has been marked by two mutually reinforcing phenomena. The food scandals that regularly hit the headlines have triggered the development of new food supply systems, notably illustrated by short supply chains and the promotion of “local” and “quality” agricultural products. While the new forms of consumption associated with these practices have already been discussed in the literature, particularly in relation to urban and affluent populations, our research focuses on the links between the various rural and urban networks and the circulation of knowledge between local, national and even transnational scales in these areas. “Ecological spaces” are constructed at the crossroad between different spheres – academic, legal, political – as public arenas of the agri-food worlds. My thesis is built on the following hypothesis: Faced with the multiplication of distrust regimes in the agri-food worlds in contemporary China, the cooperation of different categories of “ethical consumption” entrepreneurs participates in producing ecological spaces where regimes of trust are recomposed. These spaces are interconnected with each other by market arrangements that engage in negotiations on autonomy and food ethics. The regimes of mistrust and trust in co-presence and in tension in collective actions contribute to actualising green capitalism, building a new negotiated order in an authoritarian context. The research is built on three sociological approaches: economic sociology, through the study of market interactions around food short supply chains and green capitalism; rural sociology, through the analysis of a food ethic of agroecology in Chinese southwest as a process of valorisation of cultural heritages and agricultural know-how in disuse; political sociology, by linking local forms of mobilisations for access to land, emerging figures of agroecology moral entrepreneurs and international environmental mobilisations. My work is based on a multi-sited ethnographic survey, carried out between 2017 and 2020, based on in situ observations in production, processing and distribution sites of peasant products in Guangxi and Yunnan, as well as on participant observation in an international research programme on Chinese terroir products, organised by actors of these networks (2019 - 2021). The ethnographic fieldwork includes about 50 individual and collective interviews with actors of peasant agriculture networks and a four-year monitoring of digital interactions and online publications through different social networks.
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Revenir à la terre : une sociologie des espaces marchands de l'agroécologie en ChineLa recherche doctorale étudie les mouvements de promotion d’une agroécologie sociale en Chine contemporaine. Depuis le milieu des années 2000, le contexte agroalimentaire a été marqué en Chine par deux phénomènes qui se renforcent mutuellement. Les scandales alimentaires qui défrayent régulièrement la chronique ont pour pendant le développement de nouveaux dispositifs d’approvisionnement. Ceux-ci sont notamment illustrés par les circuits courts et la mise en avant d’aliments de « terroir » et de « qualité ». Si les nouvelles formes de consommation qui y sont associées ont déjà été abordées par la littérature, notamment concernant les populations urbaines et aisées, notre recherche s’attache quant à elle à penser les articulations entre les différents réseaux, ruraux et urbains, et la circulation de savoirs entre échelles locales, nationales voire transnationales dans ces domaines. À l’intersection entre différentes sphères – universitaires, juridiques, politiques – des « espaces écologiques » se construisent comme des arènes publiques des mondes agroalimentaires. La thèse se construit autour de l'hypothèse suivante : Face à la démultiplication des régimes de méfiance dans les mondes agroalimentaires en Chine contemporaine, la coopération de différentes catégories d’entrepreneur·ses de la consommation éthique participe à produire des espaces écologiques où se recomposent des régimes de confiance. Ces espaces sont reliés entre eux par des agencements marchands qui engagent des négociations sur l’agroécologie et l’éthique alimentaire. Les régimes de méfiance et de confiance en coprésence et en tension dans les actions collectives contribuent à actualiser le capitalisme, en construisant un nouvel ordre négocié – économique, écologique et moral – en contexte autoritaire. La recherche se construit sur trois approches sociologiques : la sociologie économique, par l’étude des interactions marchandes autour des circuits courts alimentaires et du capitalisme vert en Chine contemporaine ; la sociologie rurale, à travers l’analyse d’une éthique alimentaire de l’agroécologie dans les montagnes du sud-ouest chinois comme processus de valorisation de patrimoines culturels et de savoir-faire agricoles en déshérence ; la sociologie politique, par la mise en relation entre les mobilisations locales pour l’accès à la terre, l’émergence d’entrepreneur·ses de morale de l’agroécologie et l’inscription dans des mobilisations environnementales internationales. Le travail de thèse est fondé sur une enquête ethnographique multi-site, réalisée entre 2017 et 2020, à partir d’observations in situ dans des lieux de production, de transformation et de distribution de produits fermiers du Guangxi et du Yunnan, ainsi que sur l’observation participante dans un programme international de recherche et de définition des produits de terroir chinois, organisé par les acteur·rices de ces réseaux (2019 – 2021). L’enquête de terrain ethnographique comprend une cinquantaine d’entretiens individuels et collectifs avec les acteur·rices des réseaux de l’agriculture paysanne et une veille de quatre années sur les interactions numériques et les publications en ligne à travers différents réseaux sociaux.