RSS 1.0Corruption and Transparency Collection
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The corruption and transparency collection aims at providing documentation and basic thematic articulations around the term "corruption". Corruption denotes "dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power, typically involving bribery" (Oxford Dict.), but avoiding untransparent conditions is complex because at all level there might be a dominating group or a dominated one, and because everyone should be concerned by corruption, without excessive moralisation of others. The collection presents first the philosophical, socio-economic and political background to the subject. Second it gathers institutional documents and shows transparency in the global context and related to sustainable development. In a third set of perspectives are shown educational means to prevent corruption and promote transparency (as curricula or education in management and public administration). Other dimensions pertain to political means to prevent corruption, where transparency is considered as part of the democratic process, leadership and management related means to promote transparency and prevent corruption, and finally administrative and criminal law, retributive and preventive means.
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Lietuvos "kova" su korupcija: kodėl nepastebime pažangos?Straipsnio tikslas – aptarti ir išanalizuoti pastangas mažinti korupciją Lietuvoje socialinio konstrukcionizmo tradicijos rėmuose. Straipsnyje nagrinėjami Europos Sąjungos antikorupciniai interesai, aptariamas korupcijos problemos iškilimas Lietuvoje, korupcijos objektyvacijos elementai ir antikorupcinės praktikos Lietuvoje. Teigiama, kad Lietuvos pastangos mažinti korupciją jau įgavo antikorupcinės „pramonės“ pavidalą. Straipsnio pabaigoje konstatuojama, kad antikorupcinės pramonės apraiškos padidina korupcijos matomumą Lietuvos visuomenėje; tarptautiniai korupcijos tyrimai Lietuvoje yra nepelnytai sureikšminami ir jų pagrindu apibūdinama „tikrovė“ ir kuriamos antikorupcinės iniciatyvos neatsižvelgiant į nacionalinius ypatumus; antikorupcinių iniciatyvų veiksmingumo įvertinimas reikalauja daugiau laiko; negatyvi informacija apie pastangas mažinti korupciją stipriai užgožia pozityvią. Visi paminėti veiksniai sąlygoja tai, kad pažanga korupcijos mažinimo srityje dažnai lieka nepastebėta Lietuvoje.
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Ar pakankamai pagrįsta korupcijos Lietuvoje tyrimų metodologija?Straipsnyje mokslo metodologijos požiūriu detaliai išanalizuotas „Transparency International“ Lietuvos skyriaus (TILS) tyrimas „Vilniaus korupcijos žemėlapis“. Pradžioje analizuojama respondentų nuomonės apie korupciją tyrimo vertė ir tyrimo rezultatų interpretavimas. „Vilniaus korupcijos žemėlapyje“ gana plačiai yra fiksuojama visuomenės nuomonė apie korupcijos paplitimą ir jos mastą. Ši nuomonė yra kedenama ir aptariama fragmentiškuose ir perdėm empiriškuose komentaruose, dažnai tendencingai, griežtai neskiriant nuomonės vertinimų nuo fakto vertinimų. Tai sudaro prielaidas demonizuoti korupcijos reiškinį. Straipsnyje įrodoma, kad korupcijos tyrėjai tirdami visuomenės nuomonės apie korupciją reiškinį, jį linkę interpretuoti kaip korupcijos fakto tyrimą, kas nėra adekvatu. Antrame skirsnyje pateikiami konkretūs iš tyrimo sekantys įrodymai, kad tyrime esama jį falsifikuojančių teiginių. Realūs faktai falsifikuoja pateikiamus korupcijos patirties rezultatus. Trečiajame skirsnyje analizuojami korupcijos indekso apskaičiavimo defektai ir yra įrodoma, kad tyrime korupcijos indeksas nėra apskaičiuojamas. Bet geriausiu atveju yra apskaičiuojamas korupcijos patirties „turėjimo“ indeksas. Straipsnis užbaigiamas korupcijos tyrimų metodikos netikslumų analize (klausimų formuluočių, perdėtos klausimų gausos, statistinio patikimumo ir pan.). Tyrime apstu paviršutiniškumo, atmestino ir atsainaus mokslinio darbo žymių
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Non-standard court interpreting as risk managementMost codes of ethics stipulate that court interpreters should give verbatim renditions, should not have side conversations with the witness or the defendant, and should use the alien-I. However, when we find these maxims flouted by outsourced interpreters working in trials in Barcelona, the observed practices may be considered non-standard and yet constitute an expected and even accepted social practice. Here we attempt to understand why interpreters sometimes abandon all illusion of equivalence, why side-conversations occur in certain hearings, and why interpreters sometimes speak in their own voice, becoming direct participants in discursive exchanges. Risk analysis enables us to model ways in which these practices can ensure that cooperation is achieved and time is not wasted. In one case study, side conversations between the defendant and the interpreter serve to inform the defendant of the possible consequences of a plea. Such a practice nevertheless requires that the officers of the court trust interpreters to exceptionally high degrees. In a second case study, disagreements between the judge and the interpreter, technically over issues of translation equivalence, lead to distrust in the interpreter to the point where cooperation becomes impossible. In this instance, a non-standard practice that might be efficient elsewhere leads to communicative failure. It is thus found that non-standard interpreting can be efficient when the participants' risk-management strategies are aligned and trust is operative; on the other hand, it can also convert trivial differences into high-stakes disputes that throw risk-management strategies out of alignment.
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Предотвращение и урегулирование конфликта интересов в избирательном процессе: проблемы унификации понятийно-категориального аппаратаВыявление и устранение ситуаций, в основе которых находится конфликт
 публичных и частных интересов, служит одним из ключевых способов предупреждения
 коррупции. Институт конфликта интересов имеет давнюю историю и доказал свою
 эффективность в ходе многолетней научно-практической
 апробации. Вместе с тем
 его развитие не прекращается, поскольку далеко не во всех сферах публичного
 и корпоративного управления в полной мере реализованы универсальные стандарты
 предотвращения и урегулирования конфликта интересов. Поэтому унификация
 специальных ограничений, запретов и обязанностей, возлагаемых на различные
 категории должностных лиц в связи с возможностью возникновения конфликта
 интересов, представляется важной познавательной задачей. Предметом исследования
 выступили проблемы правовой регламентации предотвращения и урегулирования
 конфликта интересов в сфере электоральных отношений. В результате выявлено
 противоречие между положениями антикоррупционного, служебного и избирательного
 законодательства в части ограничения деятельности члена избирательной комиссии
 с правом решающего голоса в ситуации близкого родства или свойства,
 а также
 служебной подчиненности с кандидатом. Предложен комплекс нормативных поправок,
 направленных на унификацию соответствующих ограничений и, как следствие,
 на повышение эффективности предупреждения коррупции в избирательном процессе
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Entre utopía y realidad: Honduras “hundida” por galopante corrupciónLa corrupción es inherente a la humanidad. Pero en Honduras encontró el “caldo de cultivo” ideal y no se vislumbra ningún remedio o medida para frenar el flagelo, que desde hace casi cinco siglos se instaló en su territorio. Llegó a América en 1492 para quedarse, cuando Cristóbal Colón robó un premio para el primero que avistara tierra en la inmensidad del Atlántico.
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Factors influencing corruption measurement in LithuaniaCorruption is one of the oldest human problems that poses a serious threat to the process of economic growth. Corruption in recent decades has been highlighted in many studies. Some corruption studies were focused on the decline of economic indicators, other studies have shown that corruption can increase economic efficiency. Later studies were performed using statistical analysis. The purpose of this article is to assess the level of corruption in Lithuania, identifying the main factors of the emergence of the shadow economy. Having analysed the level of corruption in Lithuania, it was found that in Lithuania between 1999 and 2016, the corruption perception index reached an average of 4.96 points, therefore, it can be argued that Lithuania faces large corruption problems and is not able to bring down corruption.
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INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF LEAN SIX SIGMA PRINCIPLES ON ESTABLISHING AND MAINTAINING DATA GOVERNANCE SYSTEMS IN SMES: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY USING GROUNDED THEORY AND ISM APPROACHData Governance and Data Privacy are critical aspects of organizational management that are widely utilized across all organizational scales. However, this research focused specifically on the significance of Data Governance and Data Privacy in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). While the importance of maintaining these systems is paramount across all organizations, the challenges faced by SMEs in maintaining these systems are greater due to their limited resources. These challenges include potential errors such as data leaks, use of corrupted data, or insufficient data, as well as the difficulty in identifying clear roles and responsibilities regarding data handling. To address these challenges, this research investigated the impact of utilizing Lean Six Sigma (LSS) tools and practices to overcome the anticipated gaps and challenges in SMEs. The qualitative methodology utilized is a grounded theory design, chosen due to the limited understanding of the best LSS practices for achieving data governance and data privacy in SMEs and how LSS can improve the adoption of data governance concerning privacy in SMEs. Data were collected using semi-structured interview questions that were reviewed by an expert panel and pilot tested. The sampling method included purposive, snowballing, and theoretical sampling, resulting in 20 participants being selected for interviews. Open, axial, and selective coding were performed, resulting in the development of a grounded theory. The obtained data were imported into NVivo, a qualitative analysis software program, to compare responses, categorize them into themes and groups, and develop a conceptual framework for Data Governance and Data Privacy. An iterative data collection and analysis approach was conducted to ensure that all aspects were considered. The applied grounded theory resulted in retrieving the themes used to generate a theory from the participants’ descriptions of LSS, SMEs, data governance, and data privacy. Finally, ISM technique has been applied to identify the relationships between the concepts and factors resulted from the grounded theory. It helps arranging the levels the criteria, drawing the relationships in a flowchart, and providing valuable insights to the researcher.
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Accountability y políticas públicas. Una perspectiva desde la fiscalización en el departamento del Valle del CaucaEste trabajo analiza el papel de la función fiscalizadora en la generación de procesos de accountability efectivos y oportunos en la escala territorial, a partir del estudio de la fiscalización a la Política Pública de Infancia, Adolescencia y Familia en el Departamento del Valle del Cauca, realizado en la vigencia 2015.
 
 A partir de un análisis cualitativo de tipo comprensivo, se identificaron y analizaron los mecanismos que se implementaron para la evaluación de la política pública, así como su articulación con la participación social, comprendiendo la percepción que tuvieron los actores en relación con su participación en el proceso y el efecto logrado.
 
 Como uno de los principales resultados, se evidenció que se presenta un inadecuado ejercicio del accountability horizontal y su articulación con el accountability social. La fiscalización a la política pública presentó debilidades en su planificación y ejecución en cuanto a la articulación con la comunidad y entidades auditadas, lo cual no permite el desarrollo adecuado de procesos de accountability, restando el alcance y las posibilidades de réplica y sostenibilidad de éstos. 
 
 A partir de los resultados, este estudio tiene énfasis en la necesidad de reformar el proceso de fiscalización, a partir de una reingeniería del control desde el enfoque del Buen Gobierno, con una eficiente evaluación a los recursos asignados a las políticas públicas, así como de sus resultados que logren alimentar la cultura administrativa y futuras acciones en torno a la política pública, que alcance un adecuado ejercicio de accountability horizontal y social, es decir, una fiscalización que comprometa la vinculación de la comunidad afectada generando espacios de participación que propendan por mejorar su calidad de vida.
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The relationship between anti-corruption and economic development: The case of Banaadir Region SomaliaBu çalışma, Somali'nin Banaadir bölgesinde yolsuzlukla mücadele uygulamaları ile ekonomik kalkınma arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada özellikle, Somali'nin Banaadir bölgesindeki yolsuzlukla mücadele uygulamalarının ekonomik büyümeyle nasıl ilişkili olduğu anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak, ele alınan bağımsız değişken olan Ekonomik Kalkınma ile bağımsız değişkenler İyi Yönetişim; Şeffaflık Stratejisi ve Sosyal Bütünleşme arasında ilişkiyi anlamak için korrolesyon analizi yapıldı. Veriler anket yöntemiyle toplanmıştır, anket için 130 kişilik popülasyondan 98 katılımcıyı seçmek için tabakalı rastgele örnekleme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için Pearson korelasyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Korelasyon, iyi yönetişimin Somali'nin Banaadir bölgesinin ekonomik gelişimi ile güçlü, pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişkiye sahip olduğunu (r.=0.614. sig değeri = 0.000, p-değeri 0.05), şeffaflık stratejisinin Somali'nin Banaadir bölgesinin ekonomik gelişimi ile güçlü, pozitif bir ilişkiye sahip olduğunu, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki tespit etmiş (r=0.571. Sig= 0.000 p-değeri=0.05) ve sosyal bütünleşmenin Somali'nin Banaadir bölgesinin ekonomik gelişimi ile güçlü, pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişkiye sahip olduğunu (r. =0.685. sig değeri = 0.000 p değeri = 0.05) ortaya koymuştur. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar ve incelenen literatür çalışmalarının önerileri doğrultusunda yolsuzluğun gerilemesi için iyi yönetişime dair düzenlemelerin yapılması önemlidir. Ayrıca, Somali'nin Banaadir bölgesinin ekonomik büyümesi açısından şeffaflığın sürdürülmesi doğru bir seçenek iken ek olarak toplumda sosyal bütünleşmeyi sağlayacak tedbirlerin alınması yolsuzluğa yol açan uygulamaların azalmasını sağlayacaktır.
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ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF PEOPLE-DRIVEN ANTI-CORRUPTION CAMPAIGN: AN ANALYSIS OF INDEPENDENT CORRUPT PRACTICES AND OTHER RELATED OFFENCES COMMISSION IN NIGERIAAbstract: Nigeria's anti-corruption campaign was initiated by the government of Nigeria and is still predominantly being led by the government. Notwithstanding the renewed anti-corruption efforts since 2015 as well as the existence of a National Anti-corruption Strategy (NACS) since 2017, implementation of the campaign especially by the Independent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC) has not been seen as successful. This study was exploratory and primary data were collected through Key Informants Interviews (KIIs) interviews conducted on 15 persons that were selected from the ICPC Headquarters in Abuja using purposive samples. Also, secondary data were obtained through online sources that were analysed and presented using descriptive method. The research findings revealed several issues in the implementation of Nigeria's anti-corruption campaigns, including selective prosecution and political interference in the anti-corruption fight; seemingly lack of transparency and inadequate political will to fight corruption on the part of government; lack of trust in the judiciary as offenders are still able to evade justice because of the weakness and corruption in the criminal justice system; poor management of the recovered loots such that there is presently no visible positive impact of the corruption war on the masses in respect of their welfare and even their daily experiences, among others. Based on these issues and challenges, the study concluded that if the suggested recommendations are implemented, Nigeria's anti-corruption campaigns could be more robust and successful, especially, when it involves commitment of more stakeholders and the common people who would voluntarily but actively participate and support it. Keywords: Challenges, People-Driven, Anti-Corruption, Analysis ICPC. Title: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF PEOPLE-DRIVEN ANTI-CORRUPTION CAMPAIGN: AN ANALYSIS OF INDEPENDENT CORRUPT PRACTICES AND OTHER RELATED OFFENCES COMMISSION IN NIGERIA Author: Yusuf Laiatu, Aminu Murtala Ibrahim, Kilani Oluwatobi Fatai, Gbenga Oba Fadare International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Vol. 11, Issue 2, April 2023 - June 2023 Page No: 47-53 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 14-April-2023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827452 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/issues-and-challenges-of-people-driven-anti-corruption-campaign-an-analysis-of-independent-corrupt-practices-and-other-related-offences-commission-in-nigeria
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Correlación de las regulaciones comercial, de competencia y anticorrupción entre México y Estados UnidosTo make public policy recommendations, the deductive method with a qualitative approach was used to identify the empirical correlations between trade, competition, and anti-corruption regulations between Mexico and the United States, within the framework of USMCA. In the light of the findings, it is recommended to limit to a minimum the exceptions available in trade agreements that aim to restrict the application of domestic laws on economic competition and anticorruption, as well as to standardize the use of the “rule of reason” in competition between administrative and judicial authorities in both countries to harmonize and provide certainty to international transactions and binational production chains. The limitations of this research are those inherent to the subjectivity of the deductive method, but it provides unpublished results as a ground for further investigations.
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Poverty and Inequality as Predictors of CorruptionCorruption is a widespread phenomenon and one of the major determinants of poverty. The low number of cases where corruption has been eradicated leads to the conclusion that this scourge is a persistent one, and difficult to eliminate. Combating corruption is therefore a crucial part in the poverty reduction process. This study sets out to investigate the link between corruption and poverty, to show the correlation between the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) and poverty and inequality. Also, the paper aims to determine how the Corruption Perceptions Index has evolved at a regional and global level, as well as to analyze the level of corruption in relation to a country’s development level, and the level of poverty and inequality as predictors of corruption.
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Accountants' Accountability to Nonclients in Texas.This Comment proposes that accountants be held liable to any foreseeable user of their work product to ensure the deterrence of negligence on their part. Currently, the three main common law theories concerning whether nonclients can sue accountants for negligence are: (1) the privity rule; (2) the Restatement (Second) of Torts § 552; and (3) the foreseeability standard. Many states follow the Restatement approach entitled “Information Negligently Supplied for the Guidance of Others.” Texas imposes liability on accountants but fails to extend protections to third parties who rely upon the accuracy of financial statements. Further, Texas liability does not expose accountants to a significant amount of liability to induce greater care. The foreseeability standard is the only appropriate standard to compensate the potential plaintiffs for their damages. The Restatement’s approach permits a limited group of nonclient third parties to recover for pecuniary losses resulting from an accountant’s negligence in providing services to clients. In Texas, courts fear that extending liability to foreseeable third parties will create unlimited liability, but accountants can take several steps to protect themselves. The notion that the client is the only one who will rely on an audit is outdated. More often than not, third parties are relying on an audit opinion, not a client, and the third parties can suffer economic injury. Furthermore, accountants are in a better position to absorb and spread the losses resulting from audit failures. The adoption of a reasonably foreseeable approach in Texas is necessary to restore investors’ and lenders’ confidence in the audited financial statement they rely on to make economic decisions.
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Open data as an anticorruption tool? Using distributed cognition to understand breakdowns in the creation of transparency dataOne of the drivers for pushing for open data as a form of corruption control stems from the belief that in making government operations more transparent, it would be possible to hold public officials accountable for how public resources are spent. These large datasets would then be open to the public for scrutiny and analysis, resulting in lower levels of corruption. Though data quality has been largely studied and many advancements have been made, it has not been extensively applied to open data, with some aspects of data quality receiving more attention than others. One key aspect however—accuracy—seems to have been overlooked. This gap resulted in our inquiry: how is accurate open data produced and how might breakdowns in this process introduce opportunities for corruption? We study a government agency situated within the Brazilian Federal Government in order to understand in what ways is accuracy compromised. Adopting a distributed cognition (DCog) theoretical framework, we found that the production of open data is not a neutral activity, instead it is a distributed process performed by individuals and artifacts. This distributed cognitive process creates opportunities for data to be concealed and misrepresented. Two models mapping data production were generated, the combination of which provided an insight into how cognitive processes are distributed, how data flow, are transformed, stored, and processed, and what instances provide opportunities for data inaccuracies and misrepresentations to occur. The results obtained have the potential to aid policymakers in improving data accuracy.
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Políticas anticorrupción en las contrataciones de obras del Estado, en un gobierno local 2021Doctorado en Gestión Pública y Gobernabilidad
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Obilježja korupcijskih kaznenih djela u Republici Hrvatskoj s posebnim osvrtom na kazneno djelo davanja mitaKorupcija kao globalno raširen problem koji utječe na države kroz iskorištavanje javnih dobara u privatnu korist afektira ugled države i na nacionalnoj, ali i na međunarodnoj razini. Stvara osjećaj nepravednosti funkcioniranja cijelog društva među građanima, jača nepovjerenje i ugrožava funkcionalnost društva i uzrokuje nezadovoljstvo i odljeve kako općenito stanovništva tako i kvalitetnog stručnog kadra. Korupcija kao takva predstavlja značajniji nacionalni i globalni izazov s kojima se države suočavaju i bore kroz različite zakonodavne okvire i strateške dokumente te ustrojava razna javnopravna tijela čija je suradnja jedan od strateških ciljeva i u najnovijoj Strategiji korupcije za razdoblje do 2030. godine. Rad se općenito bavi korupcijskim kaznenim djelima s posebnim naglaskom na kazneno djelo Davanja mita. Istražuje indeks percepcije korupcije za razdoblje od 2012. godine do 2021. godine i stvarno kretanje prijavljenih korupcijskih kaznenih djela za isto razdoblje s ciljem usporedbe percipiranog i stvarnog stanja koje je opet upitno zbog postojanja tamne brojke kriminaliteta.
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Where do perceptions lie? Assessing corruption perceptions in BrazilCorruption perceptions barely changed in Brazil between 2014 and 2021. In this period, protests against public spending and corruption spurred political turmoil, culminating in a presidential impeachment. Numerous anticorruption measures were enacted amidst an investigation that scourged higher echelons of political elites, including two former presidents. These factors expectedly impacted corruption perceptions, the dominating measure of corruption, especially the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI). Perceptions must draw from something; yet the CPI has been found unrelated to objective data, corruption victimization, or experiences. To this end, this piece assessed the interplay between the CPI, corruption’s salience on Brazil’s media, and a novel measure of anticorruption capacity formed by the number of corruption indictments, proceedings, and the Ministry of Justice’s budget, which represents investigative resources. Only the latter bears a highly significant – and negative – relationship with the CPI; its interviewees interpret additional investigative resources under a worse corruption outlook. It seems perceptions do lie, just not where expected. These results bring the CPI further into question; scholars and practitioners should be wary of adopting it.