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Euro-Barometer 32: The Single European Market, Drugs, Alcohol, and Cancer, November 1989The Eurobarometer (EB) survey series is a unique programme of cross-national and cross-temporal comparative social science research. Since the early seventies representative national samples in all European Union (EU) (formerly the European Community (EC)) member states have been simultaneously interviewed in the spring and autumn of each year. Starting with EB 34.1 (autumn 1990), separate supplementary surveys on special issues have been conducted under almost every EB number. The EB is designed to provide regular monitoring of public social and political attitudes in the EU through specific trend questions. More information about the series may be found on the Zentralarchiv fuer Empirische Sozialforschung (ZA - Central Archive for Empirical Social Research, University of Cologne) Eurobarometer Survey Series web pages. Background Work on European survey series began in early 1970, when the Commission of the European Community sponsored simultaneous surveys of the EC. These surveys were designed to measure public awareness of, and attitudes toward, the Common Market and other EC institutions, in complementary fashion. They also probed the goals given top priority for each respondent's nation. These concerns have remained a central part of the EC's research efforts - which were carried forward in the summer of 1971 with another six-nation survey that gave special attention to agricultural problems. The nine EC member countries were then surveyed again on the same topic areas in September 1973. After 1973, the surveys took on a somewhat broader scope in content as well as in geographical coverage, with measures of subjective satisfaction and the perceived quality of life becoming standard features of the EC public opinion surveys. Over time, the member states of the EC/EU have increased in number, and the coverage of the EB surveys has widened accordingly. In 1974, nine countries were surveyed: France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Ireland and Luxembourg. Greece has been included since the autumn 1980 survey (EB 14) onwards, Portugal and Spain since autumn 1985 (EB 24), the former German Democratic Republic since autumn 1990 (EB 34), Finland since the spring of 1993 (EB 39), and Sweden and Austria since the autumn of 1994 (EB 42). Norway has been included in some surveys since 1991, from EB 36 onwards. In 2004, the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia joined the EU, and in 2007, Bulgaria and Romania (some of these countries participated in the Candidate Countries Eurobarometer survey series (see under GN 33343) before full accession). Some surveys are also conducted in Turkey, and in the Turkish Cypriot Community (Northern Cyprus). The Eurobarometer public opinion surveys are conducted on behalf of and co-ordinated by the European Commission, DG Press and Communication - Opinion Polls Sector (EUROPA Public Opinion Analysis). Special topic modules are carried out at the request of the responsible EU Directorate General. Main Topics: This round of Euro-Barometer surveys had for its major focus issues involving drugs, alcohol, cancer, and the Single European Market. Respondents were asked to consider the influence of the environment, the anticipated effects of the Single Market of 1992, and the repercussions of an aging population on public health. Moreover, respondents were asked to identify and prioritize the most serious health problems facing the European Community, and also to evaluate the various efforts being made to combat these problems. Health topics addressed included drugs and drug addiction, cancer, smoking, alcoholism, AIDS, cardiovascular disease, education, diet, and vaccinations. Other major questions involved additional effects of the Single European Market of 1992, and whether certain issues of public policy should be decided by national government or jointly within the European Community. Also, the survey gauged respondents' perceptions of the European Parliament and the Commission of the European Community, along with categorizing opinion on the Soviet Union and President Gorbachev, the United States and President Bush, the role and relevance of NATO, US military presence in Western Europe, and the possibility of economic cooperation with Poland and Hungary. Respondents were also asked to give examples of why they felt the United Nations was doing either a good or a poor job in solving the problems it had to face, to name various agencies and institutions that were part of the United Nations, and to identify the Secretary General of the United nations. Respondents were queried regarding their source of information and education on the United Nations, and were asked to indicate their level of interest in receiving more information on pertinent United Nations issues. As in previous Euro-Barometers, questions on political party preference asked respondents which party they felt closest to, how they voted in their country's last general election, how they would vote if a general election were held tomorrow, and, if not sure, which party they would be most inclined to vote for. Respondents were also asked to comment on the ideal number of children a family should have, factors influencing the number of children parents decide to have, the role of the family in society, and what government can do to improve life for families. Other items included life satisfaction, interest in politics, priority of national goals, political party membership, and union membership. Additional information was gathered on family income, number of people residing in the home,size of locality, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, subjective social class standing, socio-professional status, and left-right political self-placement.
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Standard Euro-Barometer Survey Series, 1974-The Eurobarometer (EB) survey series is a unique programme of cross-national and cross-temporal comparative social science research. Since the early seventies representative national samples in all European Union (EU) (formerly the European Community (EC)) member states have been simultaneously interviewed in the spring and autumn of each year. Starting with EB 34.1 (autumn 1990), separate supplementary surveys on special issues have been conducted under almost every EB number. The EB is designed to provide regular monitoring of public social and political attitudes in the EU through specific trend questions. More information about the series may be found on the Zentralarchiv fuer Empirische Sozialforschung (ZA - Central Archive for Empirical Social Research, University of Cologne) Eurobarometer Survey Series web pages. Background Work on European survey series began in early 1970, when the Commission of the European Community sponsored simultaneous surveys of the EC. These surveys were designed to measure public awareness of, and attitudes toward, the Common Market and other EC institutions, in complementary fashion. They also probed the goals given top priority for each respondent's nation. These concerns have remained a central part of the EC's research efforts - which were carried forward in the summer of 1971 with another six-nation survey that gave special attention to agricultural problems. The nine EC member countries were then surveyed again on the same topic areas in September 1973. After 1973, the surveys took on a somewhat broader scope in content as well as in geographical coverage, with measures of subjective satisfaction and the perceived quality of life becoming standard features of the EC public opinion surveys. Over time, the member states of the EC/EU have increased in number, and the coverage of the EB surveys has widened accordingly. In 1974, nine countries were surveyed: France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Ireland and Luxembourg. Greece has been included since the autumn 1980 survey (EB 14) onwards, Portugal and Spain since autumn 1985 (EB 24), the former German Democratic Republic since autumn 1990 (EB 34), Finland since the spring of 1993 (EB 39), and Sweden and Austria since the autumn of 1994 (EB 42). Norway has been included in some surveys since 1991, from EB 36 onwards. In 2004, the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia joined the EU, and in 2007, Bulgaria and Romania (some of these countries participated in the Candidate Countries Eurobarometer survey series (see under GN 33343) before full accession). Some surveys are also conducted in Turkey, and in the Turkish Cypriot Community (Northern Cyprus). The Eurobarometer public opinion surveys are conducted on behalf of and co-ordinated by the European Commission, DG Press and Communication - Opinion Polls Sector (European Commission Public Opinion Analysis). Special topic modules are carried out at the request of the responsible EU Directorate General. Main Topics: This round of Euro-Barometer surveys had for its major focus issues involving drugs, alcohol, cancer, and the Single European Market. Respondents were asked to consider the influence of the environment, the anticipated effects of the Single Market of 1992, and the repercussions of an aging population on public health. Moreover, respondents were asked to identify and prioritize the most serious health problems facing the European Community, and also to evaluate the various efforts being made to combat these problems. Health topics addressed included drugs and drug addiction, cancer, smoking, alcoholism, AIDS, cardiovascular disease, education, diet, and vaccinations. Other major questions involved additional effects of the Single European Market of 1992, and whether certain issues of public policy should be decided by national government or jointly within the European Community. Also, the survey gauged respondents' perceptions of the European Parliament and the Commission of the European Community, along with categorizing opinion on the Soviet Union and President Gorbachev, the United States and President Bush, the role and relevance of NATO, US military presence in Western Europe, and the possibility of economic cooperation with Poland and Hungary. Respondents were also asked to give examples of why they felt the United Nations was doing either a good or a poor job in solving the problems it had to face, to name various agencies and institutions that were part of the United Nations, and to identify the Secretary General of the United nations. Respondents were queried regarding their source of information and education on the United Nations, and were asked to indicate their level of interest in receiving more information on pertinent United Nations issues. As in previous Euro-Barometers, questions on political party preference asked respondents which party they felt closest to, how they voted in their country's last general election, how they would vote if a general election were held tomorrow, and, if not sure, which party they would be most inclined to vote for. Respondents were also asked to comment on the ideal number of children a family should have, factors influencing the number of children parents decide to have, the role of the family in society, and what government can do to improve life for families. Other items included life satisfaction, interest in politics, priority of national goals, political party membership, and union membership. Additional information was gathered on family income, number of people residing in the home,size of locality, region of residence, occupation of the head of household, and the respondent's age, sex, occupation, education, religion, religiosity, subjective social class standing, socio-professional status, and left-right political self-placement.
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Inclusive States : Social Policy and Structural InequalitiesThis series New Frontiers of Social Policy aims to promote social development through systematic attention to the underlying social context and the social outcomes of development interventions and public policy. It compels the reader to think of social policy in terms of increasing access to productive assets, infrastructure, and goods and services; strengthening governance and accountability; enabling the rights and obligations of citizens to promote equitable access to development opportunities; and managing the social dimensions of conflict, natural disasters, and climate change. It recognizes the central role of social policy in ensuring that development policies and programs are sustainable. This book series has been conceived and produced for the broader development community, rather than for social policy specialists alone. This book places particular emphasis on, and attempts to overcome, the underlying causes of structural inequalities whereby social groups based on ethnicity, race, tribe, gender, or cultural differences are systematically disadvantaged compared with other groups with which they coexist. These inequalities prevent many developing countries from realizing their full potential and may undermine the sustainability of development outcomes.