Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
Key Characteristics of Employment Regulation in the Middle East and North AfricaThis note provides a general background
 of the main features of labor regulation in the Middle East
 and North Africa (MENA) and benchmarks them against
 international best practices. The note compiles information
 on available labor laws and other legal acts concerning
 employment protection regulation. Within the broader scope
 of labor regulation, and in order to assure regional
 comparability, information collected focuses on key issues
 in the labor law associated with commencing or terminating
 employment and during the period of employment (including
 maternity benefits). The main sources the data are the World
 Bank doing business 2010 and International Labour
 Organisation (ILO) databank. This note is a tool to provide
 policymakers and international organizations with a regional
 diagnose of how labor regulation affects labor market
 outcomes in MENA and inform client governments about
 strategic approaches to employment creation through labor
 policy and reform. This activity comes as a response to
 regional priorities in the context of the Arab World
 Initiative (AWI). One of the six strategic themes of the AWI
 focuses explicitly on employment creation as a top priority.
 Part of the World Bank's mandate under the AWI is to
 inform client governments about strategic approaches to
 employment creation through labor policy and reform.
-
Republic of the Philippines Labor Market ReviewThis study analyzes labor market
 performance in the Philippines from the perspective of
 workers’ welfare. It argues that pervasive in-work poverty
 is the main challenge facing labor policy. Poverty is
 primarily due to low earning capacity of the poor and to
 their limited access to regular and productive jobs. Behind
 these are the two interrelated root causes of in-work
 poverty - low education of the poor, and the scarcity of
 productive job opportunities. The labor market is segmented
 into good and bad jobs, with the poor working in the latter.
 They hold jobs that are informal, temporary or casual, and
 low-paid. Widespread informality means that the poor neither
 benefit from the minimum wage policy nor from employment
 protection legislation. They do not benefit from wage growth
 either, because their bargaining power is weak. Good jobs
 are so few, especially in rural areas, that even better
 educated workers are often forced to take unskilled jobs and
 work as low-paid laborers. The reduction of in-work poverty
 hinges on removing constraints to gainful employment in both
 supply side (better education and skills) and demand side
 (better jobs). It is critical that the young poor have
 improved access to quality education, and be equipped with
 skills required in the modern sector of the economy. But in
 parallel, better jobs need to be created, which can be
 attained from the growth of the formal and higher value
 added sector of the economy. The process of structural
 transformation should be supported by effective labor
 policy. Labor regulations need to be made simpler and more
 flexible to facilitate the reallocation of labor from less
 to more productive activities, and from informal to formal
 sector. Targeted training programs have the potential to
 address the problem of low skills among the poor workers,
 especially the young ones. Such programs should be developed
 on a pilot basis and expanded if proven to be cost-effective.
-
Promoting Labor Market Participation and Social Inclusion in Europe and Central Asia's Poorest CountriesThis report, funded by the Trust Fund
 for Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development
 (TFESSD), seeks to identify labor market inequalities in the
 ten countries outlined above, to relate these inequalities
 to other forms of social exclusion, and to propose areas for
 policy action aimed at boosting labor market participation.
 The remainder of the report is structured as follows.
 Chapter two describes the role that jobs play in fostering
 good living standards, productivity and social cohesion, and
 contextualizes the discussion on jobs and participation in
 the ten countries. Chapter three zooms in, highlighting
 inequalities in labor force participation across demographic
 groups. Chapter four shifts the focus to the factors
 explaining unequal labor force participation across groups,
 and discusses a policy agenda for these ten countries,
 drawing on experiences from the rest of the world. Chapter
 five concludes.