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Psychologistâs Practice in the public health institutions: the care for the other

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Author(s)
Liliane BrandÃo Carvalho
Contributor(s)
Josà CÃlio Freire
Maria LÃcia MagalhÃes Bosi
Ana Maria Vieira Lage
Zulmira Ãurea Cruz Bomfim
Keywords
PrÃtica do PsicÃlogo
Psicologia da SaÃde
Ãtica
Cuidado
Psychologistâs Practice
Health Psychology
Ethics
Care
ETICA

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/3263469
Online Access
http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=131
Abstract
Universidade de Fortaleza
O psicÃlogo assume o desafio de inserÃÃo nos serviÃos pÃblicos de saÃde, mais precisamente nas instituiÃÃes gerais nÃo-psiquiÃtricas caracterizadas como um locus especÃfico de prÃtica e de compreensÃo das questÃes relacionadas ao continuum saÃde-doenÃa. Entretanto, atuar no complexo campo da saÃde coletiva exige desse profissional uma revisÃo de sua prÃtica, um pÃr em xeque os pressupostos tradicionais e, sobretudo, uma discussÃo Ãtica que aponte para uma outra atitude frente ao usuÃrio do serviÃo. O cuidado assume a configuraÃÃo dessa atitude de respeito e de acolhimento do sofrimento do outro, cuja via nÃo mais segue a razÃo, nem a do saber-poder, mas sim a afetaÃÃo e a escuta Ãtica. O objetivo deste estudo à compreender os sentidos atribuÃdos pelo psicÃlogo ao cuidado para com o outro em sua prÃtica na instituiÃÃo pÃblica de saÃde localizada em Fortaleza. De carÃter exploratÃrio, este estudo à qualitativo, numa perspectiva crÃtico-interpretativa de base fenomenolÃgica e adota como suporte metodolÃgico a hermenÃutica filosÃfica. As informantes foram oito psicÃlogas do quadro funcional da rede estadual de saÃde. O instrumento utilizado foi a entrevista nÃo-diretiva, por facilitar o diÃlogo e a livre exposiÃÃo dos cotidianos. A anÃlise em profundidade dos depoimentos de cada informante evidenciou trÃs eixos temÃticos centrais: a inserÃÃo no campo da saÃde coletiva; a prÃtica do psicÃlogo: saberes e fazeres em jogo; e concepÃÃes sobre a dimensÃo Ãtica do cuidado. QuestÃes relacionadas à formaÃÃo acadÃmica, considerada falha quanto à discussÃo da saÃde como uma dimensÃo coletiva, à falta de experiÃncia anterior no campo da saÃde, ao prÃprio processo de profissionalizaÃÃo e Ãs precÃrias condiÃÃes de trabalho sÃo vivenciadas como dificuldades para a atuaÃÃo do psicÃlogo. Esse ainda se pauta pelo modelo da psicologia clÃnica, de postura individualista e isolada, e pela biomedicina, de acentuada presenÃa no contexto cearense, marcada pela verticalizaÃÃo da assistÃncia e interessada mais no outro como um objeto de intervenÃÃo tÃcnica. Portanto, à possÃvel concluir que esse modelo de prÃtica à o de maior predominÃncia entre os psicÃlogos deste estudo, os quais, frente ao usuÃrio, assumem a atitude de cuidado como tÃcnica, ajustamento, controle e de anulaÃÃo da diferenÃa. HÃ, contudo, experiÃncias que ultrapassam a postura clÃnica clÃssica e a Ãnfase na perÃcia para dar conta do encontro intersubjetivo, do diÃlogo, do compartilhar de responsabilidades, do compromisso com a dimensÃo sÃcio-cultural e polÃtica do serviÃo de saÃde e, sobretudo, do outro, reconhecido e respeitado como um sujeito, de quem o psicÃlogo precisa se aproximar para oferecer um espaÃo de escuta de seu sofrimento e acolhimento de sua singularidade.
The psychologist takes up the challenge of fitting into the public health services, more precisely into the general non-psychiatric institutions characterized as an specific locus of practice and comprehension of the issues related to the continuum health-illness. However, acting on the complex field of collective health imposes to this professional a review of his/her practice, a questioning of the traditional presuppositions and, above all, an ethical discussion that leads to another attitude regarding the user of the service. Caring assumes the configuration of this attitude of respect and embracement of the otherâs suffering, whose way does not follow reason any longer, nor the path of knowledge-power, but the affection and the ethical listening. The aim of this study is to understand the meanings attributed by the psychologist to the care for the other in his/her practice in the public health institution in Fortaleza. Having an exploratory character, this study is qualitative, in a critical-interpretative perspective of phenomenological basis, and adopts as methodological underpinning the philosophical hermeneutics. The subjects were eight women-psychologists who are part of the personnel of the public health network. The instrument employed was the non-directive interview, as it facilitates the dialogue and the free expression of the subjectsâ daily living. The in-depth analysis of the accounts of each subject evidenced three central thematic axes: the insertion in the field of public health; the psychologistâs practice: knowing and doing at play; and conceptions on the ethical dimension of care. Issues related to the academic background, considered flawed in what regards the discussion about health as a collective dimension, to the lack of previous experience in the field of health, to the very process of professionalization and to the precarious working conditions, are experienced as difficulties to the psychologistâs practice. This professional, still in line with the clinic psychology model, of individualist and isolated attitude, and with biomedicine, of accentuated presence in the cearense context, marked by the vertical, top-to-bottom character of the hierarchy in charge of the assistance, and interested in the other more as an object of technical intervention. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that this model of practice is the prevalent among the psychologists of this study, who, in face of the user, assume the attitude of care as technique, adjustment, control and nullification of the difference. There are, however, experiences that reach beyond the classic clinic attitude and the emphasis on expertise to manage the intersubjective encounter, the dialogue, the sharing of responsibilities, the committment with the social-cultural and political dimension of the health service and, above all, the other, acknowledged and respected as a subject, whom the psychologist needs to approach in order to provide a space of listening to his/her sufferering and appreciation of his/her singularity.
Date
2006-05-12
Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Identifier
oai:www.teses.ufc.br:249
http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=131
Copyright/License
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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