Regionale Kooperation im Maghreb - nach wie vor eine Fata Morgana: die Umbrüche in Nordafrika 2011 vertiefen die Unterschiede bei der Orientierung von Staat und Region
Author(s)
Faath, SigridKeywords
Internationale BeziehungenPolitikwissenschaft
International relations
Political science
Arabische Maghreb-Union (AMU); Arabischer Frühling; Mauretanien
Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture
International Relations, International Politics, Foreign Affairs, Development Policy
internationale Beziehungen, Entwicklungspolitik
politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur
islamism
Algeria
foreign policy
international conflict
nationalism
political development
international cooperation
Maghreb region
Morocco
Tunisia
Arab countries
neughborhood policy
stability
Libya
domestic policy
cooperation
Algerien
Libyen
Kooperation
Marokko
internationale Zusammenarbeit
Innenpolitik
arabische Länder
politische Entwicklung
Nachbarschaftspolitik
Tunesien
Islamismus
Maghreb-Staat
Außenpolitik
Stabilität
internationaler Konflikt
Nationalismus
Full record
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http://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/55338Abstract
Die Maghreb-Union ist eine Idee, die seit den 1950er Jahren als erstrebenswertes Ziel gilt. 1989 schien ein entscheidender Schritt getan, als sich die fünf Maghreb-Staaten Algerien, Marokko, Mauretanien, Libyen und Tunesien in der Arabischen Maghreb-Union (AMU) zusammenschlossen. Politische Differenzen zwischen den Maghreb-Staaten, insbesondere zwischen Algerien und Marokko, sowie innen- und außenpolitische Probleme einzelner AMU-Mitgliedsstaaten führten 1994 zu einer Blockade der AMU. Die Regimewechsel in Tunesien und Libyen 2011 stimulierten zwar seit 2012 Treffen auf Ministerebene, die politische Blockade der AMU wurde jedoch nicht gelöst. Die sicherheitspolitischen und wirtschaftlichen Probleme, eine Folge der politischen Entwicklungen nach 2011, begünstigten stattdessen eine nationale Rückbesinnung und Abschottung. Die anhaltende institutionelle Instabilität und der Aufschwung der Islamisten in Tunesien und Libyen wirken sich zudem kontraproduktiv auf die AMU aus. Regionale Kooperation wird ein Wunschbild bleiben, wenn sich die Vorstellungen von Staat und Gesellschaft und von der Rolle der Religion im Staat in den einzelnen Maghreb-Staaten weiter auseinander entwickeln.The idea of a Maghreb Union has been considered a worthy goal since the 1950s. In 1989 a decisive step seemed to have been taken, as the five states of the Maghreb - Algeria, Morocco, Mauritania, Libya, and Tunisia - came together to form the Arab Maghreb Union (AMU). However, political differences among the states, and Algeria and Morocco in particular, combined with domestic political difficulties and foreign policy differences among individual AMU member states, led to a freeze of AMU activities in 1994.Although the regime changes of 2011 in Tunisia and Libya did indeed stimulate meetings at the ministerial level in 2012, the political blockade of the AMU has yet to be lifted. Security issues and economic problems, the results of political developments in the wake of 2011, are encouraging a return to national compartmentalization instead of reviving the idea of a union. Ongoing institutional instability and the rise of Islamism in Tunisia and Libya are also making a negative contribution to the AMU. As long as attitudes about the state and society and ideas about the role of religion in state affairs continue to move further apart from one another within the individual Maghreb states, the idea of regional cooperation will remain but wishful thinking.
Date
2018-01-09Type
ArbeitspapierIdentifier
oai:gesis.izsoz.de:document/553381611-7034
http://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/55338
urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-55338-3
Copyright/License
Deposit Licence - Keine Weiterverbreitung, keine BearbeitungCollections
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Euro-Barometer 28: Relations with Third World Countries and Energy Problems, November 1987The Eurobarometer (EB) survey series is a unique programme of cross-national and cross-temporal comparative social science research. Since the early seventies representative national samples in all European Union (EU) (formerly the European Community (EC)) member states have been simultaneously interviewed in the spring and autumn of each year. Starting with EB 34.1 (autumn 1990), separate supplementary surveys on special issues have been conducted under almost every EB number. The EB is designed to provide regular monitoring of public social and political attitudes in the EU through specific trend questions. More information about the series may be found on the Zentralarchiv fuer Empirische Sozialforschung (ZA - Central Archive for Empirical Social Research, University of Cologne) Eurobarometer Survey Series web pages. Background Work on European survey series began in early 1970, when the Commission of the European Community sponsored simultaneous surveys of the EC. These surveys were designed to measure public awareness of, and attitudes toward, the Common Market and other EC institutions, in complementary fashion. They also probed the goals given top priority for each respondent's nation. These concerns have remained a central part of the EC's research efforts - which were carried forward in the summer of 1971 with another six-nation survey that gave special attention to agricultural problems. The nine EC member countries were then surveyed again on the same topic areas in September 1973. After 1973, the surveys took on a somewhat broader scope in content as well as in geographical coverage, with measures of subjective satisfaction and the perceived quality of life becoming standard features of the EC public opinion surveys. Over time, the member states of the EC/EU have increased in number, and the coverage of the EB surveys has widened accordingly. In 1974, nine countries were surveyed: France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Ireland and Luxembourg. Greece has been included since the autumn 1980 survey (EB 14) onwards, Portugal and Spain since autumn 1985 (EB 24), the former German Democratic Republic since autumn 1990 (EB 34), Finland since the spring of 1993 (EB 39), and Sweden and Austria since the autumn of 1994 (EB 42). Norway has been included in some surveys since 1991, from EB 36 onwards. In 2004, the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia joined the EU, and in 2007, Bulgaria and Romania (some of these countries participated in the Candidate Countries Eurobarometer survey series (see under GN 33343) before full accession). Some surveys are also conducted in Turkey, and in the Turkish Cypriot Community (Northern Cyprus). The Eurobarometer public opinion surveys are conducted on behalf of and co-ordinated by the European Commission, DG Press and Communication - Opinion Polls Sector (EUROPA Public Opinion Analysis). Special topic modules are carried out at the request of the responsible EU Directorate General. Main Topics: The main focus of this Euro-Barometer is the respondent's knowledge of and attitudes toward the nations of the Third World. Topics covered include the culture and customs of these nations, the existence of poverty and hunger, and the respondent's opinions on how best to provide assistance to Third World countries. Individuals answered questions on social and polical conditions as well as on the level of economic development in these countries. Additionally, respondents were asked to assess the state of relations between the respondent's country and various Third World nations. Another focus of this data collection concerns energy problems and resources in the countries of the European Economic Community. Respondents were asked to choose which regions of the world are considered to be reliable suppliers of fossil fuel for the future and to evaluate the risks that various industrial installations such as chemical and nuclear power plants pose to people living nearby. Respondents were also asked about solutions to the need for additional energy supplies in the future. Possible solutions included the development or continued development of nuclear power, the encouragement of research into producing renewable energy sources such as solar energy, and the conservation of energy. As in previous surveys in this series, respondents' attitudes towards the Community, life satisfaction, and social goals continued to be monitored. The survey also asked each individual to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the creation of a single common European market and whether they approved or disapproved of current efforts to unify western Europe. in addition, the respondent's political orientation, outlook for the future, and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were probed.
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