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Scaling-Up SME Access to Financial ServicesSmall and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a major role in economic development, particularly in emerging countries, but access to finance remains a key constraint to SME. In the light of the new understanding of the SME finance challenges that this report synthesizes, the Financial Inclusion Experts Group (FIEG) makes key recommendations for the G-20 leaders, in order to achieve a global scale-up of SME access to financial services in the developing world. The G-20 FIEG SME Finance Sub-Group executed a global SME Finance stocktaking exercise with various SME finance models to establish best practices in SME Finance.The report concludes that, given the fragmented SME finance data space, the G-20 has a unique opportunity to lead the collaborative effort on improving the availability and quality of SME finance data globally. This can be achieved through encouraging and coordinating the data collection efforts at regional, national, and global levels conducted by a multitude of sources including national governments/agencies and international organizations and effectively addressing the data collection challenges along the way to ensure continuity of these efforts moving forward.
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Scaling-Up SME Access to Financial Services in the Developing WorldSmall and medium enterprises (SMEs) play a major role in economic development, particularly in emerging countries. Access to finance remains a key constraint to SME development in emerging economies. Closing the credit gap for formal SMEs will be less daunting than for informal SMEs. The SME finance gap is the result of a mismatch between the needs of the small firms and the supply of financial services, which typically are easier for larger firms to access. Deficiencies in the enabling environment and residual market failures have motivated government interventions to foster SME access to financing. The stocktaking exercise confirms the rise in various parts of the world of specific business models aimed at providing financial services to SMEs in a cost-effective manner. Effective SME financing models can be implemented in different country and market environments, but greater outreach is achieved in the most developed environments for the financial sector. Although SME banking and microfinance models are successfully being rolled out in an increasing number of countries and regions, equity financing remains a challenge in developing economies. The role of international finance institutions (IFIs) and development finance institutions (DFIs) to foster SME financing in the developing world has been significant so far. Increasing access to finance can only be successful if qualitative aspects are taken into account.
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Financing Environmental Services in Developing CountriesCurrent international financing
 (primarily ODA) for environmental services in developing
 countries is very roughly estimated to be upwards of $21
 billion annually (not including climate change financing),
 but additional resources on the order of tens, if not
 hundreds, of billions of dollars are needed. In 2009,
 environmental ODA was estimated at $18 billion with a few
 billion more delivered through philanthropic and
 market-based financing channels. Although there are only a
 few studies of the additional financing needed, and those
 are relatively narrow in scope, the estimates that are
 available clearly indicate that significantly higher levels
 of finance still need to be reached. Additionally, the
 impacts of environmental finance on environmental
 sustainability and development objectives are poorly
 understood. Systematic reviews of previous experience, and
 standardized monitoring in the future, would support the
 countries and projects monitored, while also providing
 important lessons for the broader development and
 environment communities.