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More than Mainstreaming : Promoting Gender Equality and Empowering Women through Post-Disaster ReconstructionThe Multi Donor Fund for Aceh and Nias (MDF) and the Java Reconstruction Fund (JRF) have played significant roles in the remarkable recovery of Aceh, Nias and Java, following some of the worst disasters in Indonesia in recent years. The MDF and the JRF, which is patterned after it, are each considered a highly successful model for post-disaster reconstruction. This paper presents lessons from the MDF and JRF's efforts to facilitate women's empowerment and gender equality during the reconstruction process. The reconstruction process presented opportunity to address gender issues and other social inequalities. Enhancing the role of women under the MDF and JRF programs saw significant results, such as improved and sustained outcomes in housing and infrastructure, faster economic and livelihood recovery and increased productivity, strengthening of women's legal rights, more representative decision making and enhanced resilience for women and communities.
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Papua New Guinea : Country Gender Assessment, 2011-2012Papua New Guinea (PNG) became independent in 1976 as a constitutional parliamentary democracy. The country has four regions (Highlands, Islands, Momase and Southern) and 21 provinces including the autonomous region of Bougainville and two new provinces recently created in the southern and western parts of the highlands region. Another province-level division is the National Capital District, which comprises the capital city, Port Moresby. Each province is divided into electorates that vote for members of parliament as well as for a provincial member of parliament, who serves as the governor of the province. The country has a population of just over seven million, with an estimated population growth rate of 2.8 percent. Nearly half of PNG's population is under the age of 20 and the number of young people is expected to double in the next 20 years. Youth unemployment is high and rising, with only one in ten school graduates finding jobs in the private sector. With many young people leaving their villages in search of jobs in the towns and cities, there is a shortage of employment opportunities, which has contributed to the expansion of (mainly male) urban youth gangs, exacerbating problems of law and order.
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Making Everyone CountThe Philippines has made significant
 progress in empowering women and in advancing gender
 equality. The government's policy on gender equality
 and women's empowerment has prioritized women's
 economic empowerment, advancing human rights and enhancing
 gender-responsive local governance. All these priority
 concerns are integral components of poverty reduction
 programs in the Philippines. The Philippines has made
 significant progress in empowering women and in advancing
 gender equality. Since the government introduced a
 constitution in 1987 affirming the equality of women, it has
 pursued a number of initiatives to mainstream gender
 concerns in national policies and programs. A development
 plan for women was launched in 1987, followed by a plan for
 gender-responsive development, 1995-2025, coordinated by the
 National Commission on the Role of Filipino women. In 2004,
 the commission drafted a framework plan for women that
 identify three priority concerns to meet the objectives of
 gender equality and women's empowerment: economic
 empowerment of women, protection and fulfillment of
 women's human rights, and gender-responsive governance.
 Projects that support these priorities will facilitate more
 equitable development across the Philippines, including
 supporting the full participation of women in political
 processes and governance in the international and national
 local level, strengthening gender-sensitive and inclusive
 programs and mechanisms with civil society, and increasing
 women's access to economic resources such as capital,
 technology, information, markets, and training.