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Breaking the Metal Ceiling

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Author(s)
Munoz Boudet, Ana Maria
McGorman, Laura
Goldstein, Markus
Pimhidzai, Obert
Campos, Francisco
Keywords
BUSINESS OWNERS
ACCESS TO FINANCE
REVENUES
INEQUALITIES
SAVINGS
FORMAL BANK
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
BUSINESS OWNERSHIP
ENTREPRENEUR
FINANCIAL LITERACY
INTERNATIONAL BANK
HOUSEHOLD
ENTREPRENEURIAL FINANCE
FAMILY FARM
YOUTH
VOUCHER
BUSINESS RECORDS
ECONOMIES OF SCALE
ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY
EDUCATION LEVELS
EMPLOYEES
CREDIT COOPERATIVE
PROFITABLE BUSINESSES
WOMEN BUSINESS OWNERS
FEMALE ENTREPRENEURSHIP
BARRIERS TO ENTRY
FINANCE
LIMITED ACCESS
BUSINESS WOMEN
BUSINESS NETWORK
FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS
SAVING
MALE
MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION
MOTHER
GENDER EQUALITY
CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
DISCRIMINATION
PEOPLE
BUSINESS SUPPORT
FAMILY
BIAS
BUSINESS SUCCESS
ENTERPRISES
ENTREPRENEURS
MICROFINANCE
SMALL BUSINESS
BUSINESSWOMEN
EDUCATION SYSTEM
BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES
PROFITABILITY
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ENROLLMENT
GENDER SEGREGATION
INTEREST
FEMALE ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY
FEMALE BUSINESS
LABOR MARKET
GENDER
BRIBES
HUSBAND
CREDIT CONSTRAINTS
REVENUE
STRUCTURAL INEQUALITIES
AID
SOURCES OF CREDIT
SMALL ENTERPRISES
BUSINESS PLANNING
COOPERATIVE
WOMEN
FINANCIAL CAPITAL
EARNINGS
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS
FINANCIAL RESOURCES
MOTHERS
EXPENDITURE
SEX
SELF‐EMPLOYMENT
BUSINESS ACTIVITY
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
EQUALITY
LOAN
GENDER DIFFERENCES
BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS
CORRUPTION
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
FATHER
EDUCATION LEVEL
FEMALE ENTREPRENEUR
PROPERTY
FEMALE
CAPITAL
BORROWING
GENDER GAPS
BUSINESS OWNER
SOURCE OF CREDIT
FEES
EMPLOYEE
BUSINESS ACTIVITIES
EMPOWERMENT
CREDIT PROVIDERS
ENTERPRISE
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
INTEREST RATE
WOMAN
EQUITY
HUMAN CAPITAL
ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
INVESTMENT
BANK ACCOUNT
FATHERS
BANK
MARRIED WOMEN
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES
ENTREPRENEURSHIP OPPORTUNITIES
INFORMED CHOICES
CREDIT
BIRTH
LIMITED ACCESS TO FINANCE
Show allShow less

Full record
Afficher la notice complète
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/359709
Online Access
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23469
Abstract
A range of reasons is cited to explain
 gender differences in business performance in Africa. Within
 those, the sector of operations is consistently identified
 as a major issue. This paper uses a mixed methods approach
 to assess how women entrepreneurs in Uganda start (and
 strive) operating firms in male-dominated sectors, and what
 hinders other women from doing so. The study finds that
 women who cross over into male-dominated sectors make as
 much as men, and three times more than women who stay in
 female-dominated sectors. The paper examines a set of
 factors to explain the differences in sector choices, and
 finds that there is a problem of information about
 opportunities in male-dominated industries. The analysis
 also concludes that psychosocial factors, particularly the
 influence of male role models and exposure to the sector
 from family and friends, are critical in helping women
 circumvent or overcome the norms that undergird occupational segregation.
Date
2015-12-18
Type
Working Paper
Identifier
oai:openknowledge.worldbank.org:10986/23469
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23469
Copyright/License
CC BY 3.0 IGO
Collections
Ethics in Higher Education
Gender and Theology

entitlement

 

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 expenditure on family welfare and children, because women
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 disparity in the Arab Republic of Egypt and proposes
 solutions to level the playing field and enable women's
 full economic contributions. The Investment Climate Survey
 (ICS) of 1,156 enterprises from the manufacturing sector was
 carried out in October 2008, using the World Bank standard
 methodology. The recall questionnaire of 566 enterprises was
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 conducted in August 2005. It sampled about 15 full-time
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 About 70 percent of the ICS sample is made up of small and
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    Breaking the Metal Ceiling : Female Entrepreneurs Who Succeed in Male-Dominated Sectors

    Campos, Francisco; Goldstein, Markus; McGorman, Laura; Munoz Boudet, Ana Maria; Pimhidzai, Obert (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2015-12-18)
    A range of reasons is cited to explain
 gender differences in business performance in Africa. Within
 those, the sector of operations is consistently identified
 as a major issue. This paper uses a mixed methods approach
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 strive) operating firms in male-dominated sectors, and what
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 opportunities in male-dominated industries. The analysis
 also concludes that psychosocial factors, particularly the
 influence of male role models and exposure to the sector
 from family and friends, are critical in helping women
 circumvent or overcome the norms that undergird occupational segregation.
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