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Skill Development in India : The Vocational Education and Training SystemThis paper stresses that despite the
 fact that India is a fast developing economy difficulties
 have led the Government to conclude that far more needs to
 be done to engender more employment opportunities for the
 majority of Indians, to enable them to participate in the
 benefits of growth and to contribute to that growth. To do
 this they must have education and training that equips them
 for the labor market. One of the sources of the skilled
 workforce is the vocational education and training system.
 However, the government realizes that the system is not
 being able to appropriately respond to the needs of the
 labor market. A key issue, then, is what
 reforms/interventions are needed to improve the
 effectiveness of the system. Answering that question is far
 from easy and this paper attempts to provide some options
 for doing so. On the one hand India faces the future with
 its changing realities; on the other hand it must deal with
 the nature of its established traditions and structures.
 This paper has laid out some key reforms that must be
 undertaken in different areas to make the vocational
 education and vocational training systems more responsive to
 the needs of the labor market. The reform agenda is fairly
 comprehensive and all the reforms cannot be implemented
 immediately. Given this, the paper has laid out some of the
 critical reforms that need to be undertaken in the short-run
 (first phase) followed by others that can be undertaken over
 a period of 2-3 years. The first phase focuses on reforms
 aimed at improving the quality and labor market relevance of
 the existing system, while the medium-term agenda also
 includes moving forward on mobilizing additional resources
 for the system, especially once the quality has improved.
 However the background work needed to undertake reforms in
 the medium-term should also commence immediately. These
 reforms should be treated as a package. If only some are
 instituted, while others are not, it is unlikely that the
 objective of developing a truly demand-responsive system
 will be effectively met.
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Republic of Korea : Workforce DevelopmentThe Republic of Korea vaulted in less
 than three generations from being one of the poorest
 countries in the world to becoming a member of the
 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
 (OECD). This economic transformation has attracted
 considerable admiration and inquiry. One of the key factors
 for Korea's success was the provision of skills to
 support industrialization and economic diversification. This
 report takes advantage of a new World Bank diagnostic tool
 to examine the development of the Korean system for
 Workforce Development (WfD) from 1970 to 2010. The findings
 are intended to document good practices, lapses and key
 breakthroughs and generate insights that can be used to
 enrich dialogue on WfD policy in the World Bank's
 partner countries. The tool is based on an analytical
 framework that identifies three functional dimensions of WfD
 policies and institutions: strategic framework, which refers
 to the praxis of advocacy, partnership, and coordination in
 relation to the objective of aligning WfD in critical areas
 to priorities for national development; system oversight,
 which refers to the arrangements governing funding, quality
 assurance and learning pathways that shape the incentives
 and information signals affecting the choices of
 individuals, employers, training providers and other
 stakeholders; and service delivery, which refers to the
 diversity, organization and management of training
 provision, both state and non-state, that deliver results on
 the ground by enabling individuals to acquire market-and
 job-relevant skills. These three dimensions constitute a
 closed policy-making loop and, when taken together, allow
 for analysis of the functioning of a WfD system as a whole.
 This report focuses specifically on policies in the area of WfD.
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Moldova Workforce Development : SABER Country Report 2013This report presents a comprehensive
 diagnostic of the Republic of Moldova s workforce
 development (WfD) policies and institutions. The analysis is
 based on a World Bank research tool created under the
 Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)
 initiative and purposefully designed to provide systematic
 documentation and assessment of WfD policies and
 institutions. The SABER WfD benchmarking tool also aims to
 assist the government with the implementation of the VET
 Development Strategy in the context of international
 experience and global good practices.