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Gestational protein restriction induces CA3 dendritic atrophy in dorsal hippocampal neurons but does not alter learning and memory performance in adult offspringStudies have demonstrated that nutrient deficiency during pregnancy or in early postnatal life results in structural abnormalities in the offspring hippocampus and in cognitive impairment. In an attempt to analyze whether gestational protein restriction might induce learning and memory impairments associated with structural changes in the hippocampus, we carried out a detailed morphometric analysis of the hippocampus of male adult rats together with the behavioral characterization of these animals in the Morris water maze (MWM). Our results demonstrate that gestational protein restriction leads to a decrease in total basal dendritic length and in the number of intersections of CA3 pyramidal neurons whereas the cytoarchitecture of CA1 and dentate gyrus remained unchanged. Despite presenting significant structural rearrangements, we did not observe impairments in the MWM test. Considering the clear dissociation between the behavioral profile and the hippocampus neuronal changes, the functional significance of dendritic remodeling in fetal processing remains undisclosed. © 2012 ISDN.
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OMEGA-3 SUPPLEMENTATION ATTENUATES THE PRODUCTION OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN MILITARY PERSONNEL DURING 5 DAYS OF INTENSE PHYSICAL STRESS AND NUTRITIONAL RESTRICTIONThe effects of omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation on the serum concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) and activity of creatine kinase (CK) were investigated in military personnel. The concentrations of CRP and CK were used as inflammatory and muscle damage markers, respectively. Twenty subjects were divided into two groups and were given capsules containing either n-3 PUFA (SUP) (n=10) or placebo (PLA) (n=10) for four weeks. During the fourth week of supplementation, the subjects participated in a military boot camp that restricted both their calorie intake and rest, and increased their physical stress. Blood samples were taken in four instances: 1) pre-supplementation; 2) pre-camp; 3) during camp; 4) after camp. During the three weeks of supplementation and prior to boot camp, a significant reduction was observed in the serum concentration of CRP (50% only in group SUP (p=0.04). Significant increases in CK activity of 103.9% in SUP (p=0.0001) and 225.5% in PLA (p=0.004) after camp confirmed the strenuous nature of this procedure. Serum CRP increased during camp in both groups but the SUP group presented a significantly lower concentration of CRP at the end of boot camp in comparison to the PLA group (6.18 ± 2.6 U · L-1 and 8.6 ± 2.1 U · L-1 for SUP and PLA respectively, when p=0.04). These results suggest that supplementation with n-3 PUFA can exhibit a protective effect against the inflammatory process induced by a regimen of intense physical stress and food restriction.
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Restriction of dietary protein leads to conditioned protein preference and elevated palatability of protein-containing food in ratsAll raw data files will be published with this manuscript alongside the Python scripts used to perform analysis. These are deposited on Github (https://github.com/jaimemcc/murphy-2017) and Mendeley Data (doi:10.17632/wgd83v3ntb.1).