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Induction and Confirmation Theory: An Approach based on a Paraconsistent Nonmonotonic Logic

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Author(s)
Sousa Silvestre, Ricardo
Keywords
Abduction
Default logic
Hempel´s confirmation theory
Inductive inference
Paraconsistent logic
Abdução
Inferência indutiva
Lógica default
Lógica paraconsistente
Teoria da confirmação de Hempel

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/3795516
Online Access
http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=3582079
Abstract
This paper is an effort to realize and explore the connections that exist between nonmonotonic logic and confirmation theory. We pick up one of the most wide-spread nonmonotonic formalisms ¿ default logic ¿ and analyze to what extent and under what adjustments it could work as a logic of induction in the philosophical sense. By making use of this analysis, we extend default logic so as to make it able to minimally perform the task of a logic of induction, having as a result a system which we believe has interesting properties from the standpoint of theory of confirmation. It is for instance able to represent chains of inductive rules as well as to reason paraconsistently on the conclusions obtained from them. We then use this logic to represent some traditional ideas concerning confirmation theory, in particular the ones proposed by Carl Hempel in his classical paper ¿Studies in the Logic of Confirmation¿ of 1945 and the ones incorporated in the so-called abductive and hypothetico-deductive models.
: Este artigo é uma tentativa de explorar as conexões que existem entre lógica nãomonotônica e teoria da confirmação. Mais especificamente, escolhemos um dos formalismos mais utilizados em lógica não-monotônica � lógica default � e analisamos até que ponto e sob que condições ela poderia ser usada como uma lógica da indução no sentido filosófico do termo. Fazendo uso desta análise, nós estendemos a lógica default de forma a torná-la minimamente capaz de realizar o propósito da lógica indutiva, resultando em um sistema que, acreditamos, possui propriedade interessantes do ponto de vista da teoria da confirmação. Por exemplo, tal sistema é capaz de representar cadeias de regras indutivas bem como raciocinar paraconsistentemente sobre as conclusões obtidas delas. Nós então usamos esta lógica para representar algumas idéias tradicionais relacionadas com a teoria da confirmação, em especial as idéias propostas por Carl Hempel em seu artigo clássico �Studies in the Logic of Confirmation� de 1945 e as idéias incorporadas pelos assim chamados modelo abdutivo de confirmação e modelo hipotético-dedutivo.
Date
2010
Type
text (article)
Identifier
oai:dialnet.unirioja.es:ART0000396253
http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=3582079
(Revista) ISSN 0104-8694
Copyright/License
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