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Die Wirkung frühkindlicher Bildung auf den Schulerfolg

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Author(s)
Stamm, Margrit
Keywords
Dropoutforschung, Vorschulprogramme, Schulerfolg, frühkindli- che Bildungsforschung
Research on dropout, preschool programs, school success, research in early education
Recherche de «drop out», programmes scolaires précoces, réussite sco- laire, recherche en formation précoce
Drop-out, programme scolastici precoci, successo scolastico, ri- cerca in formazione precoce

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/3979860
Online Access
https://sjer.ch/article/view/4804
Abstract
Im Zuge der internationalen Schulleistungsstudien haben sich zwei miteinander verschränkte Forschungsbereiche herauskristallisiert: die frühkindliche Bildung und die Risikoschüler. Das schlechte Abschneiden 15-Jähriger hat zur Forderung geführt, die kognitive Bildungsfunktion von vorschulischen Einrichtungen stärker zu betonen, um den Schulerfolg aller Schüler garantieren zu können. Dieser Aufsatz untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen frühkindlichen Bildungsprogrammen und Schulerfolg, welcher als Schulabschlüsse operationalisiert wird. Anhand der Forschung zum Schulabbruch («Dropout») und der Wirksamkeitsstudien frühkindlicher Interventionsprogramme diskutiert er relevante Prädiktoren, die bereits im Vorschulalter wirksam sind, für späteres Schulversagen und Dropout verantwortlich zeichnen und deshalb präventiv vermieden werden können.
International school performance studies brought to relief two research areas, which are connected together, and these are early childhood education and pupils at risk. In order to guarantee school success of the pupils and to prevent 15 year olds from receiving bad results, it is one of the postulations to focus on cognitive aspects of preschool education. The paper analyzes the interconnections between early childhood education programs and school success, which is operationalized by school leaving certificates. Relevant predictors will be discussed on the basis of research in the field of school dropout and of studies examining the effectiveness of intervening via early childhood education programs. Predictors will be analyzed, which show efficacy already in preschool age and which are responsible for later school failure and school dropout – these predictors should be preventively avoided.
Dans la foulée des études internationales sur les performances scolaires, deux domaines de recherche entre eux liés se sont développés : la recherche sur l’éducation précoce et celle concernant les élèves « à risques ». Les mauvais résultats des élèves de 15 ans ont suscité une demande adressée aux institutions préscolaires : celle d’accentuer l’éducation préscolaire au plan cognitif, afin de mieux garantir la réussite scolaire de tous les élèves. Cet article examine la relation entre les programmes d’éducation précoce et la réussite scolaire telle qu’elle s’opérationnalise par la certification. Sur la base de la recherche sur le «décrochage» scolaire (dropout) et d’études sur l’efficacité de programmes d’intervention préscolaire, l’article focalise les « prédicteurs » significatifs, déjà à l’œuvre au préscolaire, et ultérieurement responsables de l’échec et du décrochage scolaires, qui pourraient être préventivement évités.
Nell’ambito degli studi internazionali sulle prestazioni scolastiche si sono sviluppati due ambiti di ricerca strettamente legati: l’uno relativo alla formazione precoce, l’altro ai cosiddetti allievi allievi a rischio. La riduzione dell’insuccesso di questi ultimi sembra poter dipendere proprio anche dalla formazione cognitiva nel periodo prescolastico. L’articolo esamina pertanto la relazione tra i programmi di formazione precoce e il successo scolastico, operationalizzato in termini di diplomi di fine studio. Discute inoltre, sulla base di studi attinenti all’efficacia di programmi d’intervento precoce, predicatori dell’insuccesso scolastico e del “drop out” già riscontrabili appunto a livello prescolare e che si prestano per legittimare interventi preventivi.
Date
2008-12-01
Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Identifier
oai:ojs.bop.unibe.ch:article/4804
https://sjer.ch/article/view/4804
10.24452/sjer.30.3.4804
Collections
Swiss Journal of Educational Research

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