Author(s)
Ayache, LaurentContributor(s)
Conseil national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) ; National Council for Scientific Research [Lebanon] (CNRS-L)Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis
Clément Rosset
Keywords
Philosohy of Sciencemedicine - History
Plato
Philosophy - Antiquity
Philosophie -- Antiquité
Histoire Des Sciences
Médecine -- Histoire
Platon 0427?-0348? av J-C -- Critique et interprétation
[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences
[SHS.PHIL]Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy
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https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02990447/file/M%C3%A9decine%20et%20sagesse.pdf
Abstract
The Hippocratic Collection presents this remarkable feature that technical medical texts are strewn with ethical precepts with no apparent link between the two registers. The essay that I am submitting attempts to support the following hypothesis: if the Hippocratic doctors did not distinguish, in their writings, ethics and technique, it is because these ethical precepts are derived from medicine in the same way as the techniques of care .Hence the general question of my work: What is Hippocratic medicine, as long as it produces not only healing techniques, but also ethics? What is this ethics, insofar as it is produced by medical thought?The essay is primarily devoted to the first of these two questions. He tries to show that Hippocratic medicine is not a simple technique which would have recourse to philosophy, morals, religion or politics with regard to the relative problems, upstream, to its epistemological foundations or those relating, downstream, to the regulation of its applications.Indeed, unlike techniques, Hippocratic medicine cannot produce a defined object. Medical concepts apply in all fields. The only possible definition of Hippocratic medicine concerns its end: human health. Hippocratic physicians have developed a thought which enables them to attempt to give human life the greatest amplitude and the longest duration. Medicine as a whole is an ethic of health. This attitude which I call the medical resolution is opposed, in my opinion, to the philosophical approach which arose around the same time. Indeed, only medicine is the human assumption of the value promoted by life itself, namely health. Philosophy, for its part, seeks to justify life by enclosing it in a network of logos which exceeds it on all sides.All medical thought is directed towards this end: to give life its widest range. Now, if it is true that we do not treat man, but the individual, medicine has had to develop a method targeting the singular. Plato testifies, in the Phaedrus, of this method. It is a matter of relating the part to the totality on which it depends.La Collection hippocratique présente ce trait remarquable que des textes médicaux techniques y sont parsemés de préceptes éthiques sans articulation apparente entre les deux registres. L’essai que je soumets tente de soutenir l’hypothèse suivante : si les médecins hippocratiques ne distinguaient pas, dans leurs écrits, éthique et technique, c’est que ces préceptes éthiques sont dérivés de la médecine au même titre que les techniques de soins.D’où la question générale de mon travail : Qu’est-ce que la médecine hippocratique, pour autant qu’elle produit non seulement des techniques de soins, mais aussi une éthique? Qu’est ce que cette éthique, pour autant qu’elle est produite par une pensée médicale?L’essai est principalement consacré à la première de ces deux questions. Il tente de montrer que la médecine hippocratique n’est pas une simple technique qui aurait recours à la philosophie, à la morale, à la religion ou à la politique pour ce qui concerne les problèmes relatifs, en amont, à ses fondements épistémologiques ou ceux relatifs, en aval, à la régulation de ses applications.En effet, contrairement aux techniques, la médecine hippocratique ne peut produire un objet défini. Les concepts médicaux s’appliquent dans tous les domaines. La seule définition possible de la médecine hippocratique concerne sa fin : la santé humaine. Les médecins hippocratiques ont élaboré une pensée qui leur permette de tenter de donner à la vie humaine la plus grande amplitude et la durée la plus longue. La médecine tout entière est une éthique de la santé. Cette attitude que j’appelle la résolution médicale s’oppose, à mon sens, à la démarche philosophique qui naît vers la même époque. En effet, seule la médecine est l’assomption humaine de la valeur promue par la vie elle-même, à savoir la santé. La philosophie cherche quant à elle à justifier la vie en l’enserrant dans un réseau de logos qui la dépasse de toutes parts.Toute la pensée médicale est tendue vers cette fin : donner à la vie sa plus large amplitude. Or, s’il est vrai qu’on ne soigne pas l’Homme, mais l’individu, la médecine a dû élaborer méthode visant le singulier. Platon témoigne, dans le Phèdre, de cette méthode. Il s’agit de rapporter la partie à la totalité dont elle dépend.
Date
1997-10-25Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisIdentifier
oai:HAL:tel-02990447v1tel-02990447
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02990447
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02990447/document
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02990447/file/M%C3%A9decine%20et%20sagesse.pdf
Copyright/License
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccessCollections
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