Health literacy jako element polskiego systemu opieki profilaktycznej nad pracownikami.
Author(s)
Dobras M.Contributor(s)
Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, PolandKeywords
health educationhealth policy
occupational medicine service
health literacy
empowerment of individual
occupational health
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http://hdl.handle.net/10146/618109http://ecnis.openrepository.com/ecnis/handle/10146/618109
Abstract
Nowadays it is believed that a comprehensive approach towards one’s health requires the development and subsequent mastering of health literacy. Although this term has no Polish equivalent, it applies to the ability of individuals to access, analyze and understand information necessary to make informed health decisions. In this publication it is suggested that ‘biegłość zdrowotna’ can be used as a corresponding Polish term. This publication is based on the review of the available literature (in Polish and in English) on health literacy. To illustrate the hypothetical level of health literacy among Polish employers and employees reports of the Chief Labour Inspectorate and individual items from the Second European Survey of Enterprises on New and Emerging Risks (ESENER-2) were used. The analysis proves that health literacy is a multidimensional concept which has been studied and investigated so far only in relation to chosen nosological units, but practically it does not appear in relation to occupational health. There are reasons to believe that in Poland the low level of health literacy among both employers and employees, lies at the forefront of a passive approach towards the safeguarding of workers health. The concept of health literacy needs further dissemination in Poland, whereas the main area of future research should be the design of the Polish tool for assessing health literacy. The national system of occupational health seems to offer a possible ground for implementing such a concept, especially bearing in mind that within the current system there are several entities and services, which have the legal mandate to undertake informative and advisory duties – exactly those, which help build and master health literacy skills. Współcześnie uznaje się, że kompleksowe podejście do dbałości o zdrowie wymaga nieustannego kształtowania i doskonalenia health literacy. Pojęcie to, choć nie ma jeszcze dosłownego polskiego odpowiednika, odnosi się do szeroko pojętej świadomości zdrowotnej jednostek, czyli ich zdolności do wyszukiwania, przetwarzania i rozumienia informacji niezbędnych do podejmowania właściwych decyzji zdrowotnych, także w sferze aktywności zawodowej. W niniejszej pracy zaproponowano wprowadzenie terminu ‘biegłość zdrowotna’ jako polskiego odpowiednika ‘health literacy’. Materiały źródłowe do przygotowania publikacji uzyskano w wyniku przeglądu polsko- i anglojęzycznego piśmiennictwa dotyczącego health literacy. Do zobrazowania prawdopodobnego poziomu health literacy wśród polskich pracodawców i pracowników wykorzystano raporty Głównego Inspektoratu Pracy oraz wybrane wyniki drugiego „Europejskiego badania przedsiębiorstw na temat nowych i pojawiających się zagrożeń” (Second European Survey of Enterprises on New and Emerging Risks – ESENER-2). Przeprowadzona analiza wskazuje, że health literacy jest zagadnieniem wielopłaszczyznowym i dotychczas zbadanym w odniesieniu do kilku jednostek chorobowych, natomiast praktycznie niepojawiającym się w systemach profilaktycznej opieki zdrowotnej nad pracownikami. Istnieją przesłanki, żeby sądzić, że u podstaw pasywnego (najczęściej pozostającego w zgodzie jedynie z minimalnymi wymaganiami prawnymi) podejścia do kwestii umacniania zdrowia polskich pracowników leży m.in. niski poziom biegłości zdrowotnej zarówno wśród pracodawców, jak i pracowników. Koncepcja health literacy wymaga w Polsce upowszechnienia, natomiast przedmiotem dalszych badań i rozważań dotyczących wykorzystania tej koncepcji w poszczególnych dziedzinach ochrony zdrowia powinno być przede wszystkim zbudowanie odpowiedniego na polskim gruncie narzędzia badawczego do oceny poziomu biegłości zdrowotnej. Istnieje również potencjał do zastosowania tej koncepcji w ochronie zdrowia pracujących, tym bardziej że funkcjonują w Polsce służby i podmioty właściwe do podejmowana działań o charakterze informacyjno-doradczym, a więc takich, które pozwalają budować i doskonalić health literacy.Date
2016Type
ArticleIdentifier
oai:ecnis.openrepository.com:10146/618109Medycyna Pracy 2016;67(5):681–689
0465-5893
http://hdl.handle.net/10146/618109
http://ecnis.openrepository.com/ecnis/handle/10146/618109
Medycyna Pracy
Copyright/License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Collections
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