Implementation Theory and Determinants for Success: A Case Study of Televised Distance Learning Implementation in an Urban University

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore the implementation process of a distance learning initiative using televised instruction in an urban university. The scope and complexity of problems faced by colleges and universities today are growing, and public institutions are being asked to do more with less. Despite limited budgets and stretched resources, institutions are expected to be responsive to the challenges of change. Distance learning using televised instruction, which brings the classroom to the learner, is an available technology that can be responsive to students' diverse needs. This study explores factors that facilitated or served as barriers in the implementation of a distance learning initiative at one urban university. Further, this study addresses the process used by management to implement televised instruction. A single-case study design with embedded units of analysis was employed as the research design. Data collection included multiple measures, consisting of surveys of faculty, interviews of administrators, and a review of archival records and documents to answer the research questions. A Delphi method with three rounds was used to design a faculty survey and identify significant facilitating factors and barriers to implementation of a distance learning initiative using televised instruction. Twelve faculty, representing all 6 colleges and with at least 3 semesters of televised teaching experience, were selected to participate as the expert panel in the Delphi rounds. The entire population of faculty, both full-time and adjunct, who had taught courses on television comprised the sample for the faculty survey. Administrators selected for interview were a purposive sample comprised of those individuals with direct experiences in the implementation of televised instruction on the campus. Interview results were analyzed by quantifying responses and employing pattern matching based on theoretical constructs from the literature on implementation theory. The Faculty Survey results were analyzed using frequency data and logistic regression analysis. Analyzing the experiences of one urban university with the development of televised distance learning can help other institutions seeking this innovation for education delivery for the purpose of expanding access to students who are bound to their geographic locations.