三位一體——女神信仰的三個面向：女媧娘娘、九天玄女與地母至尊神格概論

Abstract

本文的論述重點有：<br>一、先從古代中國的文獻記載來分析探討，女媧、九天玄女以及地母的神格（在神話學定義上均屬於「始祖－文化英雄－造物主」的範疇）之異同。<br>二、在台灣的民間信仰方面，很多人將地母、女媧與九天玄女混在了一起，筆者試圖將這三位神祇的關係理出一個頭緒，並綜合某些民間信仰宗教人的說法，提出筆者的意見，也就是「三位一體」說。<br>三、從榮格心理學的角度分析，則筆者認為，這三位神祇均是遠古「大母神」信仰與「大母神」原型所衍生出來的原始意象。而且，這些心理「原始意象」都是具有引發信仰者自身產生「變形」作用的「原始心象」。<br>四、這就擴大並深入到了遠古時代的大母神信仰與人類集體潛意識中的戀母情結。筆者試圖用心理學理論分析這大母神信仰與戀母情結對現代人的影響為何，從性別分析、慾望分析、女權主義還有腦神經科學等方面深入探索之後，再回歸到現今世界上普遍的女神信仰狀況，筆者認為，現代人普遍有一種「回歸母性的渴望」。之所以會產生「回歸母性的渴望」，乃是此為人類渴望自救的一種方式，也就是一種柔性的生存方式。<br><br>

<B> </B>At first, the author analyzed the different Goddess ship and godhood of Nu-Wa, Jiu-Tian-Xuan-Nu and Di-Mu from those ancient China’s records. From mythology’s definition, all of them are belong to the type of <B>First ancestor-</B><B> cultural hero-creator</B>.<br> Second, in Taiwan’s folk belief, many people felt confuse about Di-Mu, Nu-Wa and Jiu-Tian-Xuan-Nu. The author tried to get things into shape about the relation of these three goddesses and summed up some folk believers’ opinions, finally, she brings up the theory of “Three in One”---- the Trinity.<br> Third, by Carl Gustav Jung's Analytical Psychology theory, the author considered that these three goddesses are primordial images. They’re deriving from the religion of <B>the Great Mother</B>, as well as the archetypes of <B>the Great Mother</B>. Meanwhile, all these psychological primordial images are also the imagoes which can make the believers have a noticeable transformation themselves.<br> All of the above will broaden and go deep into the scope of the Great Mother’s religion in ancient times and the Oedipus Complex of the Human Collective Unconscious. The author tried to use the psychological theory to analyze why “the Great Mother’s religion” and “the Oedipus Complex” have great effect on our modern people. She analyzed the various factors, from such as gender, desire, feminism, the science of the cranial nerve, etc, and then, back to the condition of the feminist theology and goddesses religion nowadays. Her opinion is, there is a kind of common desire about “return to Mother’s embrace” between our modern people. For that matter why the desire about “return to Mother’s embrace” would be exit is because that is a way of human wants to be saved by themselves, and it is also a soft, gentle and mild way of living.<br>

学位：历史学硕士

院系专业：人文学院历史学系_专门史

学号：200102031