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Mali : Poverty and Gender NotesMali is one of the poorest countries in the world, with a gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of about $ 691 in 2010. Mali's steady per capita GDP growth was accompanied with a significant decline in the poverty rate, from 55.6 percent in 2001 to 43.6 percent in 2009-10. Mali's rapid population growth still has led to an increase of the overall number of people living in poverty, and is constraining progress in terms of per capita health and education outcomes. High fertility rates and gender imbalances are key drivers of Mali's poverty dynamics. The present report compiles three different notes, emphasizing the interrelation between poverty, demographics and gender imbalances. The first note discusses the evolution of poverty in Mali since 2001. The second note reviews recent demographic trends and related policies. The third note reports on the latest available data on females in business and employment within the formal sector. The compilation of these three notes aims to stimulate debates and the exploration of policy options to tackle poverty through its interactions with fertility and gender imbalances. It also highlights conclusion of each note.
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Kyrgyz Republic : Poverty Assessment, Volume 1. Growth, Employment and PovertyThis report, which has been prepared by
 the World Bank in cooperation with the National Statistical
 Committee, provides an assessment of poverty in the Kyrgyz
 Republic using the most recent data available. The objective
 of this report is to understand to what extent economic
 growth has reduced poverty and led to improved living
 conditions for the population during 2000-2005. The report
 also attempts to answer three questions about the Kyrgyz
 Republic: what is the profile of poor? How has economic
 growth affected the level and composition of poverty? How
 has the labor market contributed to changes in poverty? The
 report is divided into two volumes. The first volume begins
 with this chapter which provides an international comparison
 of social and other key indicators of the Kyrgyz Republic
 followed by a profile of the poor based upon 2005 household
 survey data. The second chapter analyzes the linkages
 between growth and poverty during 2000-2005. The third
 chapter provides our key findings of labor market outcomes
 and poverty and what the implications are for policy making.
 The final chapter synthesizes the information from the
 earlier chapters and provides some policy directions. The
 second volume provides a more thorough analysis of labor
 markets. It covers developments in the labor market, urban
 labor markets, rural labor markets and differences between
 men and women in the labor market.
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Repbulic of Chad Poverty Notes : Dynamics of Poverty and Inequality following the Rise of the Oil SectorChad's chronically unstable
 security situation has long undermined broad-based economic
 growth and sustainable poverty reduction. Since independence
 in 1960 Chad has suffered from sporadic political violence
 and ongoing tensions between different factions. The
 country's fragile security has been further compromised
 by interference from neighboring states and spillover
 effects from regional conflicts. However, after rebel
 attacks in 2008 and 2009, and following the recent
 conclusion of a peace agreement between Chad and Sudan, the
 security situation in the country has remained relatively
 calm, presenting a valuable window of opportunity for
 development efforts to take root. The objective of this
 Poverty Note is to examine changes in poverty and inequality
 in Chad since the emergence of the oil sector. It will focus
 on the evolution of poverty indicators from the 2003 pre-oil
 baseline captured in the Chadian Household Consumption and
 Informal Sector Survey, or ECOSIT2 to the more recent
 findings of the 2011 ECOSIT3 and compare current monetary
 and nonmonetary poverty conditions in Chad with those of
 comparable countries. It will go on to assess the impact of
 oil production on the non-oil sectors of the Chadian
 economy. Finally, it will evaluate the extent to which
 public expenditures in the social sectors benefit the poor
 by analyzing the progressivity of social spending.