臺灣高屏地區基督教教會當代客籍改宗者：以真耶穌教會為中心

Abstract

[[abstract]]客家族群為臺灣第二大族群，與其它族群比較，信仰基督教的比例卻相對不高，許多學者認為可能的原因是，客家人較其他族群更重視祖先崇拜，也較重視家族內的團結，使其更難接受基督教信仰，以致讓許多人誤解客家人為福音硬士。就筆者所知，現今已有不少教會積極地帶領客家人歸信基督教，但筆者本身所屬的真耶穌教會，目前尚缺乏客家人改宗的相關研究。在本研究中，筆者以蒐集真耶穌教會之教會檔案史料和教會公報以及實地訪察教會的方式，進一步了解真耶穌教會之客籍改宗者之信仰生活，以及探討影響客家族群和非客家族群改宗之因素。本研究發現，從客家地區外圍及都市地區的訪談來說，其實族群文化因素（對祖先崇拜較為堅持）不盡然是決定改宗者的難易度，換句話說，影響改宗的最主要問題可能不是文化差異，而是受到社會與生存環境的影響。例如，時空背景、生存環境、改宗時的背景、婚姻與居住狀況、性別、城鄉差距等因素也會影響個人對信仰的觀感。因此本研究可歸納出幾點討論：當代客家人改宗基督教不一定會較其他族群困難，我們不宜先入為主地將客家人視為「福音硬士」或將客家地區視為「福音硬土」。其次，因為族群原因在本研究中的影響性似乎沒有那麼大，因此筆者發現最重要的還是客籍改宗者如何「被傳福音」，亦即傳福音的效果最主要是取決於教會內的成員對於傳福音的心態(不能刻板地認為客家人是福音硬士)。至於個人是否能受福音，最主要的關鍵是在於 神的揀選，族群文化並不是唯一的決定因素。本研究可提醒我們做研究時不宜只著重在族群因素，而是尚須分析其他可能會影響改宗的因素。至於六堆客家地區尚未設有真耶穌教會的原因，筆者透過訪談瞭解到，除了教會傳入臺灣的時間點、族群性格與文化等原因之外，語言似乎是影響教會發展與傳福音的最重要之元素，相對於北部客家地區已出現真耶穌教會，這一點或許可解釋六堆地區目前因沒有客籍傳道者，因此僅在外圍的非客家人聚集的城鎮設有教會。

[[abstract]]Hakka is the second largest ethnic group in Taiwan, compared with other ethnic groups, the proportion of Christian is relatively low, many scholars believe that a possible reason for this is the Hakka ancestor worship more attention than other ethnic groups, but also more emphasis on unity within the family, so it,s harder to accept the Christian faith, that so many people misunderstand the Gospel Hakka hard with disabilities. The author knows, there are many churches now actively lead the Hakka return to Christianity, but the True Jesus Church itself belongs to the author, the current lack of relevant research Hakka proselytism. In this study, the author to collect the Church Historical Archives and the church bulletin True Jesus Church and in situ visits the church, to further understand the life of faith True Jesus Church Hakka proselytizing Persons, and investigate the effects of Hakka and non-Hakka proselytism of factor. The study found that, from interviews Hakka area periphery and urban areas, in fact, ethnic and cultural factors (for ancestor worship is more stick) does not necessarily change the difficulty of determining who were, in other words, the main problem may not affect by proselytizing cultural differences but affected by social and living environment. For example, the space-time background, living environment, the background when proselytism, marriage and living conditions, gender, rural-urban gap and other factors also affect the individual's perception of faith. Therefore, this study can be summarized points discussed: Contemporary Christian proselytism Hakka not necessarily difficult than other ethnic groups, we should not prejudge the Hakka people considered "hard gospel disabilities" or the Hakka area as a "gospel of hard earth." Second, because ethnic reasons in the present study the impact of sex did not seem so big, so I found that the most important thing is how Hakka proselytizing by "transferred gospel", that is, the most important effect of the gospel is a member of the Church depends for evangelistic attitude (not stereotyped belief that hard Hakka gospel disabilities). As to whether individuals can be affected by the Gospel, the most important key is that God's chosen, ethnic culture is not the only determining factor. This study reminds us that when doing research can not only focus on ethnic factors, but have yet to analyze other factors that may affect the proselytism of. As for the reason True Jesus Church Liutui Hakka area has not yet, I learned through interviews, in addition to the church, such as time passed beyond Taiwan, ethnic character and cultural reasons, the language seems to be the most important influence church development and evangelism the elements, as opposed to the northern Hakka area has emerged true Jesus Church, this region is perhaps because there is no explanation for Liu-tui Hakka preacher, so only has the church in a non-Hakka people gathered outside the town.