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An evaluation of the anti-corruption initiatives in Botswana and their relationship to Botswana's developmentThe study focuses on an evaluation of the anti-corruption initiatives in Botswana and their relation to Botswana’s development. An evaluation was needed to find out whether the anti-corruption initiatives were effective and whether there were a correlation between the effectiveness of the Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crimes (DCEC) and the level of development in Botswana. This study showed that, the DCEC has succeeded to low corruption in Botswana through its most successful public education mandate and debatable good governance. The DCEC has helped to enhance service delivery in the public sector through the establishment of the Anti-Corruption Units (ACUs) within the Ministries aimed at tackling corruption in-house. Consequently, a significant slight improvement was registered in both public health and education sectors. However, that improvement was still minimal to the extent that it has been hampered by the challenging working conditions of the DCEC attributable to the inadequacy of legislation, lack of manpower, shortage of required skills and slow criminal justice system as well as the debatable independence of the DCEC, evidenced by its reporting and appointing lines. This implies that the impact of the DCEC in the development of Botswana has been minimal, as the country is still devastated by socio-economic disparities especially in rural areas.
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"Good Governance" in Botswana : what shaped the design of Botswana's institutions and how did they affect the country's economic growth since it's independence?From 1965 to 1998, the average Sub Saharan African economy receded by an average annual rate of -0.7 percent. Botswana had a poor state of development at the time of independence and its geographical situation was disadvantageous. Botswana s chances for a strong growth performance in 1966 were slim. But Botswana has done remarkably well since it gained independence and in fact its economy was the fasted growing economy in the world. Between 1965 and 1998, Botswana s economy grew with an average annual rate of 7.7 percent (UNDP 1999). How can Botswana s growth success, which is exceptionally high by any standards, be explained? In growth economics there are numerous theories to explain how countries economies grow and which determinants are of main importance. This paper focuses on the role of Botswana s institutions for its high economic growth and considers the concept of the importance of Good Governance for development performance. How did Botswana s institutions emerge, of what quality are they and what role did these institutions play for Botswana s growth performance? Finally this paper gives an interpretation of the effects of Botswana s economic growth on the country s overall development performances and achievements.
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Can Sweden Learn from Botswana with Regard to HIV Prevention Communication? : A Study about Risk Perception, Risk Behaviour and HIV Prevention Communication in Sweden and BotswanaWe know that Sweden's HIV communication strategy does not specifically address young women, while Botswana's HIV communication strategy does. The overarching aim of this study is therefore to investigate whether Sweden should and could learn from Botswana with regard to focus on women in the HIV communication strategy. To do so, the methods used are qualitative interviews and focus groups with young women in Sweden and Botswana, expert interviews with representatives from organizations in Sweden and Botswana as well as textual analysis of different HIV prevention strategies from both countries. The results of this study shows that there seems to be a difference between young women’s risk perception and risk behaviour in Sweden and Botswana, a difference that can partly be explained by hoe respective country work with HIV prevention communication towards this group. This indicates that Sweden could learn from Botswana’s HIV prevention communication concerning how they work with young women as a target group and how gender equality and empowerment of women is part of Botswana’s communication strategy. However, because of the difference in HIV prevalence and because of the limited effect of communication measures, the difference in communication can only be considered a small part of the to why the differences exist.