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Effects of low temperature and drought on the physiological and growth changes in oil palm seedlingsWater deficiency and low temperature are two important ecological factors which affect the distribution and cultivation of oil palm. To find out how oil palm adapts to the environmental conditions, the dynamics of a series of important physiological components derived from the leaves of potted oil palm seedlings under drought stress (DS) (water with holding) and low temperature stress (LTS) (10 degrees C) were studied. The results showed that low temperature and water stress inhibited the growth of oil palm seedlings. The relative conductivity, injury index, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content in the leaves increased to different degrees with the extension of low temperature and drought stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities increased and then decreased gradually with the duration of treatment time. The variations of the earlier mentioned parameters except proline content under low temperature stress were greater than that under drought stress. Thus, oil palm possibly showed different response mechanisms under low temperature and drought stress by mediations of these substances, in order to increase plant defense capability. These data provided the information that was utilized to initiate the breeding programme used to improve drought and cold tolerance in oil palm.
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Physiological Responses of Halophyte Suaeda salsa to Water Table and Salt Stresses in Coastal Wetland of Yellow River DeltaSoil salinity and waterlogging are two major environmental problems in estuarine wetlands. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of salt stress, water table, and their combination on growth, chlorophyll content, antioxidant system, and ion accumulation in Suaeda salsa plant, which is the pioneer plant in coastal wetland of the Yellow River Delta (YRD). The results showed that plant height, number of branches, and biomass were significantly affected by water table and salt stress. With enhanced salt stress, the ratio of leaf to total biomass increased and the ratio of root to total biomass decreased. The contents of Chl-a, -b, Chl-a?+?b, and carotenoids (Car) decreased significantly with increasing soil salinity and the water table level. Salt stress enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), but reduced the content of protein. With the lowering water table level, the activity of CAT and protein content increased, and activity of SOD decreased. Na+ and Cl- content were up-regulated with increasing salt stress (NaCl), whereas, the contents of other cations (K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) and anions (SO(4)(2-) and NO(3)(-)) were decreased. In summary, the results indicated that the S. salsa plants could adapt to the adverse soil environments through modifying their growth and physiology status at the highly saline and intertidal zone, such as the YRD estuarine wetlands, and also could be used as a bio-reclamation plant to decline the high salt in saline soils.
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Physiological Responses of Halophyte Suaeda salsa to Water Table and Salt Stresses in Coastal Wetland of Yellow River DeltaChinese Academy of Sciences[kzcx2-yw-223]; The National Commonweal (Agricultural) research project[200903001]; CAS/SAFEA; National Natural Science Foundation of China[30770412, 40873062]; National Science and Technology Supporting Program of China[2006BAC01A13]; National Key Science and Technology item in "11th Five Year'' period[2006BAC01A13]; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Science and Technology Planning Program of Shandong Province[2008GG20005006, 2008GG3NS07005]