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Schopenhauer's Moral Pessimism: Origin, Meaning and Reach

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Author(s)
Moraes, Dax
Keywords
Ethics; Political Philosophy
Pessimism; Value; Moraliy; Egoism; Character
Ética; Metafísica
Pessimismo; Valor; Moralidade; Egoísmo; Caráter

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/619275
Online Access
https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/ethic/article/view/1677-2954.2017v16n2p347
Abstract
“Moral pessimism” is an expression by which one may understand Schopenhauer’s thesis about immutability of character so far as it declares impossible each and every kind of moral enhancement, remaining only attainable some behavior adaptation based on natural egoism. This is otherwise a kind of result of epistemological problems raised by Kantian critique of reason that Schopenhauer carried to its limits. On the other hand, “moral pessimism” is to be faced not as a “practical” problem, but as a metaphysical one and its empirical consequences can be better considered as one may call “anthropological pessimism” once by this expression we mean not only a judgment about human nature alone but individual sufferings facing a world that menaces individual interests. 
“Pessimismo moral” é uma expressão pela qual se pode compreender a tese schopenhaueriana sobre a imutabilidade do caráter, na medida em que declara impossível qualquer espécie de aprimoramento moral, restando apenas a possibilidade de se adaptar o comportamento considerados os limites do egoísmo natural. Por sua vez, trata-se de uma consequência de problemas epistemológicos levantados pela crítica kantiana da razão, a qual foi radicalizada por Schopenhauer. Todavia, o “pessimismo moral” deve ser considerado como um problema metafísico, não como um problema “prático”, podendo ter suas consequências empíricas mais bem analisadas segundo o que se pode denominar “pessimismo antropológico”. Por meio desta última expressão, não entendemos apenas um juízo acerca na natureza humana, mas acerca dos sofrimentos individuais no conflito com um mundo que ameaça os interesses particulares.
Date
2018-01-11
Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Identifier
oai:periodicos.ufsc.br:article/53055
https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/ethic/article/view/1677-2954.2017v16n2p347
10.5007/1677-2954.2017v16n2p347
Copyright/License
Direitos autorais 2017 ethic@ - An international Journal for Moral Philosophy
Collections
Philosophical Ethics
Ethic@ : An International Journal for Moral Philosophy

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