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Imaju li bliske osobe prednost? Etičke i političke dužnosti uzajamne pomoći

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Author(s)
Sládeček, Michal
Keywords
dužnosti / moralni univerzalizam / posebni odnosi / političke dužnosti / David Hume / Adam Smith / Peter Singer
duties / moral universalism / special relationships / political duties / David Hume / Adam Smith Peter Singer

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/627931
Online Access
http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/1635
Abstract
U prvom dijelu članka ispituju se Humeovi i Smithovi razlozi zbog kojih je uzajamna briga 
 ograničena na osobe koje su bliske jedna drugoj, pri čemu ovi autori naglašavaju utjecaj 
 kako emocionalne, tako i fizičke bliskosti. Nasuprot tome, Singerova koncepcija univerzal­
 nih dužnosti podrazumijeva da je posebnost odnosa između moralnih subjekata irelevantna 
 sa stanovišta morala i da se etičko djelovanje treba rukovoditi sadržajem, odnosno znače­
 njem, hitnošću i relevantnošću potreba. U ovom se tekstu tvrdi da je zasnivanje dužnosti 
 isključivo na potrebama osobe kojoj je pomoć neophodna nedovoljno i da su dužnosti kao 
 konkretizirani etički imperativi neodvojivi od ovlasti koje subjekti kao nositelji dužnosti 
 imaju. U članku se analizira na koji način susret ili fizička bliskost može konstituirati po­
 sebne odnose, kao i zajednička povijest, biološke veze, zajedničko građanstvo itd. Također, 
 u tekstu se analizira može li i na koji način prebivanje na istom teritoriju, odnosno unutar 
 granica jedne države, biti prihvaćeno kao argument u prilog posebnih dužnosti. Argumen­
 tacija koja brani posebnost dužnosti nastalu iz bliskosti podrazumijevala bi da ne-državlja­
 nima, koji se nađu u našoj zemlji uslijed ekstremno lošeg stanja u njihovoj matičnoj državi, 
 treba pružiti pomoć kao i sugrađanima.
Do People Who are Close Have the Priority? Ethical and Political Duties of Mutual Assistance.
 
 The first part of the article explores David Hume’s and Adam Smith’s reasons due to which 
 mutual care is limited to people close to one another, at which point the authors emphasize the 
 influence of both emotional and physical closeness. Contrary to this, Singer’s conception of 
 universal duties implies that from the perspective of morality the particularity of relationships 
 between moral subjects is irrelevant, and that ethical actions should be led by the content, i.e. 
 the significance, urgency, and relevance of needs. This text argues that it is insufficient for duties 
 to be established exclusively on the basis of the needs of person who requires assistance, and 
 that duties as concrete ethical imperatives are inseparable from assignments that belong to sub­
 jects as duty-holders. The article analyses in what way the encounter or physical closeness may 
 constitute special relationships. In addition, the text analyses whether, and in what way, residing 
 on the same territory, that is, within the borders of the state, may be accepted as an argument 
 in favour of special duties. The argumentation defending the specificity of duties formed on the 
 basis of closeness would imply that non-citizens in our country, who came here due to extremely 
 bad conditions in their own state, should receive assistance just as our co-citizens.
Date
2018-06-30
Type
Article
Identifier
oai:rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs:123456789/1635
0351-4706
1848-2309 (Online)
http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/1635
10.21464/fi37112
Copyright/License
openAccess
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Philosophical Ethics

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