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Chapitre 1. De la possibilité d'universaliser les valeurs en éthique clinique : questions et enjeux

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Author(s)
Ravez, Laurent
Keywords
consentement éclairé
autonomie
relativisme
informed consent
autonomy
relativism

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/674991
Online Access
http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=JIB_183_0015
Abstract
RésuméFille de la Modernité, la bioéthique est tiraillée entre son désir légitime d’universaliser les valeurs auxquelles elle se réfère traditionnellement (par exemple : autonomie, bienfaisance, non-malfaisance, justice) et la prise de conscience du caractère très occidental de ces repères éthiques. Faut-il se résoudre à fonctionner sur un mode relativiste ? La bioéthique s’est construite dans l’urgence d’un accompagnement moral du développement de la médecine biotechnologique au lendemain de la deuxième guerre mondiale. Il s’agissait bien d’une bioéthique occidentale pour des développements biotechnologiques occidentaux. Peut-on aujourd’hui exporter des techniques et des savoirs médicaux ancrés culturellement sans exporter conjointement les garde-fous éthiques qui leur ont été adjoints au fur et à mesure de leur développement ? Pour éclairer ce questionnement, l’auteur propose de s’attacher au concept d’autonomie et à son corollaire, le consentement libre et éclairé.
A derivative of modernity, bioethics is a torn between its legitimate desire to universalize the values to which it has traditionally adhered (for example: autonomy, beneficence, non-malfeasance, fairness) and the awareness of the very Western character of these ethical guidelines. Should one resolve to work in a relativist model? Bioethics arose through the necessity of having ethics to accompany the development of medical biotechnology in the aftermath of the Second World War. And obviously Western bioethics was applied to serve Western biotechnological developments. Can these culturally based medical techniques and know-how be exported without equally exporting the ethical guidelines that have been gradually assigned to their development? To shed light on the issue, the author suggests linking free and informed consent to the concept of autonomy and to its corollary.
Date
2007
Identifier
oai:cairn.info:JIB_183_0015
http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=JIB_183_0015
Copyright/License
Cairn
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