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Le réalisme moral analogique de Richard Boyd : enjeux, portée, limites

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Author(s)
Ravat, Jérôme

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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/686007
Online Access
http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=SCIE_131_0013
Abstract
Cet article constitue une analyse critique de l’analogie établie par Richard Boyd entre le réalisme scientifique et le réalisme moral. Selon Boyd, l’évolution des théories et des pratiques morales est étroitement analogue à l’évolution de la connaissance scientifique, car dans les deux cas la connaissance est guidée par une réalité indépendante progressivement découverte.Dans cet article, nous rejetons cette analogie, en raison des multiples dissemblances entre connaissance morale et connaissance scientifique. Nous nous efforcerons de cerner les spécificités de la connaissance morale, à partir de travaux empiriques dans le champ interdisciplinaire de la naturalisation de l’éthique (anthropologie cognitive, psychologie expérimentale, psychologie morale…). Nous défendrons ainsi l’idée selon laquelle les propriétés morales ne sont pas découvertes mais projetées.
‪This paper aims at criticizing the‪ ‪ analogy established by Richard N. Boyd between moral realism and scientific realism. According to Boyd’s view, the evolution of moral theories is closely analogous to the evolution of scientific research. In both cases, knowledge is guided by an independent reality progressively discovered.In this paper, I contend that Boyd’s analogy is misleading, because moral knowledge differs from scientific methodology in many aspects. I will attempt to characterize moral knowledge by highlighting some of its key features. To this extent, I will refer among other things to empirical findings in the field of naturalized ethics (cognitive anthropology, experimental psychology, moral psychology) to defend the view that moral properties are not ‪ ‪discovered‪ ‪ but ‪ ‪projected.‪
Date
2009
Identifier
oai:cairn.info:SCIE_131_0013
http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=SCIE_131_0013
Copyright/License
Cairn
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